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All of the following are geographic segmentation variables EXCEPT:


A) density
B) city size
C) region
D) VALS
E) statistical area

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Alamo,a car rental firm,targets 50 percent of its advertising to salespeople who rent a car over 40 weeks per year.Alamo likely segments its market by


A) usage rate.
B) benefits offered.
C) demographics.
D) geography.
E) lifestyle.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Grouping potential buyers into meaningful segments involves meeting some specific criteria that answer the question,


A) "Is this product useful on a global scale?"
B) "Would segmentation be worth doing and is it possible?"
C) "Is it possible to reposition this product?"
D) "Is there too much competition for this product?"
E) "Is the market loyal to the product?"

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Variables that are based on some objective physical (gender,ethnicity) ,measurable (age,income) ,or other classification attribute (occupation) of prospective customers are used in which segmentation base?


A) personality
B) usage
C) needs
D) demographic
E) behavioral

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Nike employs a __________ strategy at its website,nikeid.com,which allows customers design a sneaker to their own personal specifications.


A) product sampling
B) product clustering
C) mass customization
D) usage segmentation
E) psychographic segmentation

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following is a criterion used for selecting a target segment?


A) potential for increased profit
B) similarity of needs of potential buyers within a segment
C) difference of needs of buyers among segments
D) competitive position
E) potential of a marketing action to reach a segment

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Today,marketers are increasingly emphasizing a Tiffany/Walmart strategy,which is to offer


A) a low-priced product to a high-income or high net worth segment.
B) a high-priced product to a low-income or low net worth segment.
C) different variations of the same basic offering to high-end and low-end segments.
D) a high-priced and a low-priced offering to a single market segment.
E) different offerings to high-end and low-end segments.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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A market-product grid is a framework to relate


A) total estimated expenses for each product sold to each market segment.
B) total anticipated revenue for each product-market segment combination.
C) total anticipated profit for each product sold to each market segment.
D) the market segments of potential buyers to relative market share compared to the closest competitor.
E) the market segments of potential buyers to products offered or potential marketing actions by an organization.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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A means of displaying or graphing in two dimensions the location of products or brands in the minds of consumers to enable a manager to see how consumers perceive competing products or brands,as well as its own product or brand,is referred to as a


A) perception matrix.
B) growth-share matrix.
C) market-product grid.
D) perceptual map.
E) product differentiation chart.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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A framework to relate the market segments of potential buyers to products offered or potential marketing actions by an organization is referred to as a __________.


A) payoff table
B) cross-tabulation
C) market-product grid
D) growth-share matrix
E) product differentiation table

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is a criterion used for selecting a target segment?


A) potential for increased profit
B) similarity of needs of potential buyers within a segment
C) cost of reaching the segment
D) difference of needs of buyers among segments
E) potential of a marketing action to reach a segment

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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In marketing,each __________ consists of people who are relatively similar to each other in terms of their consumption behavior.


A) market segment
B) demographic cluster
C) organizational buyer group
D) ultimate consumer group
E) qualified prospect group

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Selling a product to a different market segment usually requires a different marketing action that in turn means greater costs.If increased revenues don't offset extra costs of this action,a marketer should __________.


A) increase the advertising budget
B) prune the product offerings
C) family brand their products
D) combine segments
E) group products into categories

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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Magazines like Fitness,Field & Stream,Golf Digest,and Health focus on how people live their lives,and thus all use a __________ segmentation strategy.


A) psychographic
B) behavioral
C) situational
D) socioeconomic
E) geographic

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Post Grape-Nuts cereal has been marketed since the early 20th century.Its market share has been steadily declining as consumers began associating it with something their grandfathers ate.Post recently launched a campaign to increase consumption of the cereal by inviting consumers to sprinkle the crunchy cereal on yogurt,salad,or soup as a delicious addition.Post wanted to convince people either who had never tried the cereal or who were familiar with the product to use it in a variety of different ways.In this example,Post is using which segmentation variable?


A) needs
B) lifestyle
C) behavioral
D) psychographic
E) demographic

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Head-to-head positioning requires a product to


A) compete with products from competitors of the same size.
B) compete with competitors on similar product attributes in the same market.
C) compete with competitors on similar product attributes but in a different market.
D) compete against very similar products from the same company (its own) .
E) compete against a single competitor with an identical offering.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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The fifth step in segmenting and targeting markets that link customer needs to marketing actions is to __________.


A) take marketing actions to reach target markets
B) group potential buyers into segments
C) select target markets
D) group products to be sold into categories
E) develop a market-product grid and estimate size of the overall market

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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Why would an organization produce a single product or service and then attempt to sell it to two or more market segments?

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An organization would produce a single p...

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What is product differentiation? How does it relate to market segmentation? How does it potentially improve a firm's revenues?

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Product differentiation involves a firm ...

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Evergreen Air Center in Marana,Arizona,is the world's biggest parking lot for unwanted commercial aircraft.Airlines pay from $750 to $5,000 a month for its storage service.The warm,dry air where the operation is located serves as a cheap and effective airplane preservative.Which organizational segmentation variable might Evergreen use to segment the market?


A) NAICS sector,such as manufacturers,or retailers,or lawyers
B) number of locations
C) "who buys," such as individual buyer or buying groups
D) metropolitan statistical area
E) number of employees

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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