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World population projections show that the number of people 60 years of age and older is expected to __________ by 2050.


A) decline by 1 billion
B) double to 4 billion
C) triple to 2 billion
D) decline by 3 billion
E) reach 6 billion

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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According to the personal moral philosophy of __________,if the benefits exceed the costs,the behavior is ethical.


A) hedonism
B) utilitarianism
C) existentialism
D) moral idealism
E) socialism

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements regarding social forces is most accurate?


A) Social forces can have a dramatic impact on marketing strategy.
B) As a social force,consumer incomes have more impact on marketing strategy than demographics.
C) Social forces within an organization motivate employees to improve their productivity.
D) Social forces determine all of the other environmental forces that affect an organization.
E) Of all the environmental forces,social forces are the easiest for a marketer to manipulate.

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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Hoffman-LaRoche Ltd.and BASF AG,two international pharmaceutical companies,were ordered to pay $725 million in fines for plotting to raise and fix prices of vitamins used in virtually every home in the U.S.This is an example of how __________ forces affect the marketing environment.


A) economic
B) ecological
C) technological
D) social
E) regulatory

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Environmental scanning refers to


A) assessing any possible negative impact a firm's activities might have on the local ecology.
B) continually acquiring information on events occurring outside the organization to identify and interpret potential trends.
C) setting up a regular schedule to assess the performance of different divisions within a firm.
D) initiating an internal talent search to identify employees who can think "outside the box" to generate solutions to marketing problems caused by changes in the marketing environment.
E) requiring all employees to spend time outside the office to avoid the "ivory tower" syndrome.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Why did 33 percent of Pepsi's marketing and advertising executives say they would decline an offer to buy one of Coke's marketing plans and samples?


A) They would prefer competing ethically so they could sleep at night.
B) They thought they might go to work for Coke one day and didn't want to spoil their employment chances.
C) They were afraid the media would find out.
D) They knew they would get fired.
E) They didn't want to disappoint their children.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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MasterCard International links usage of its card with fund raising for institutions that combat cancer,heart disease,child abuse,and muscular dystrophy.MasterCard gives a modest percentage of charges from its credit card charges to the institutions.What is this called and how does it affect cardholders' behavior?

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This practice is called cause marketing,...

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The generation of children born between 1977 and 1994 is sometimes referred to as


A) echo busters.
B) baby busters.
C) the lost generation.
D) the baby boomerang.
E) the baby boomlet.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Most paint is neither biodegradable nor friendly to the environment because it is made with petroleum solvents.A builder who decided to build a subdivision with 500 homes and paint each with an environmentally friendly,soy-based paint (even though it costs more) would be practicing


A) profit responsibility.
B) cause marketing.
C) stakeholder responsibility.
D) mass marketing.
E) societal responsibility.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Some industries have opted for self-regulation of their members to ensure that each acts fairly.Discuss potential problems associated with self-regulation,and give an example of it.

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An alternative to government control is ...

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Six executives of Tyson Foods,one of the world's largest poultry,beef,and pork processors,were arrested for the illegal smuggling of undocumented foreign workers into the U.S.to work at Tyson plants.Based on this information,one could conclude that Tyson's violations were the result of __________,one of the major reasons why some company employees engage in ethical behavior.


A) a mission statement that is too broad
B) the absence of a written core values statement
C) the absence of whistle-blowers
D) top management's behavior
E) the absence of a stakeholder code of ethics

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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A law that codified the ethics of exchange between buyers and sellers,including the rights to safety,to be informed,to choose,and to be heard,is referred to as the


A) Lanham Act
B) Fair Practices Act
C) Caveat Emptor Decree
D) Consumer Bill of Rights
E) Customer Consent Decree

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Recent data on consumer expenditures indicate that the savings rate of U.S.consumers has __________.


A) declined by 6 percent; they are taking money from savings to pay current expenses on necessities
B) remained flat at 0 percent
C) risen slightly to 2 percent
D) risen to 6 percent
E) exploded to 10 percent

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which one of the following is a value that would be commonly held in the United States today?


A) individualism
B) tradition
C) group welfare
D) nostalgia
E) acceptance of birthright

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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There are many diet aids on the market.They promise immediate weight loss without exercise or a change in diet.Each is accompanied by a testimonial from a satisfied user.If you pay close attention,you will notice that each ad also contains the statement,"Results may vary." Most likely,this statement is included to prevent the FTC from requiring the dietary aid distributor from having to


A) engage in self-regulation.
B) engage in comparative advertising.
C) issue an advertising injunction.
D) guarantee truth-in-advertising.
E) run corrective advertising.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In a(n) __________ economy,the cost to produce and buy products and services escalates as prices increase.


A) inflationary
B) expansionary
C) deflationary
D) recessionary
E) depressive

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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All of the following are the result of an interest in the triple-bottom line EXCEPT:


A) sustainable development.
B) cause marketing.
C) ISO 9000.
D) green marketing.
E) social audits.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Changes in the demographic characteristics and the culture of the population can have a dramatic impact on __________.


A) marketing strategy
B) the marketing concept era
C) marketing tactics
D) market share.
E) marketing metrics.

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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The social forces of the environment include the demographic characteristics of the population and its __________.


A) geographic locations
B) social classes
C) cohorts
D) culture
E) ethics

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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According to a recent Federal Communications Commission report,AT&T,Verizon,Sprint-Nextel,and T-Mobile control the vast majority of the subscribers in the U.S.wireless mobile phone market.Which form of competition characterizes this market?


A) pure competition
B) limited competition
C) a monopoly
D) an oligopoly
E) monopolistic competition

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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