Question 1

The type of neurotransmitter or hormone that binds to receptors on smooth muscle plasma membranes determines the response of the muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding the sliding filament model is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Actin and myosin do not shorten during contraction.
B)   Both actin and myosin myofilaments shorten during contraction.
C)   The sarcomere shortens.
D)   The I band and H zones become narrower during contraction.
E)   The A band remains constant in length.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Which type of respiration occurs in the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)   anaerobic respiration
B)   aerobic respiration
C)   both anaerobic and aerobic respirationD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 4

Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium.
B)   ATP.
C)   acetylcholine.
D)   acetylcholinesterase.
E)   sodium.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is irreversible.
B)   It can be caused by disuse.
C)   It can be caused by denervation.
D)   Transcutaneous stimulation can help prevent it.
E)   Muscle fibers are replaced by connective tissue.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

The refractory period

Accepted Answer

A)   is the time during which the tissue cannot respond again.
B)   results in complete and incomplete tetanus.
C)   is the condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions.
D)   is the condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations.
E)   is the constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

If the resting membrane potential becomes more negative, which of the following has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)   hyperpolarization
B)   repolarization
C)   depolarization
D)   isopolarization
E)   hypopolarizationF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Which type of muscle tissue has cells that branch?

Accepted Answer

A)   skeletal muscle
B)   smooth muscle
C)   cardiac muscle
D)   both skeletal and cardiac muscle
E)   both cardiac and smooth muscleF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that

Accepted Answer

A)   surrounds each muscle fiber.
B)   forms a sheath around a fasciculus.
C)   is composed of elastic fibers.
D)   separates individual muscles.
E)   penetrates muscle fibers.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 10

A child ingested an organophosphate poison used to kill insects. Soon the child's muscles began spastic contractions. Predict what occurred at the synaptic cleft.

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased release of acetylcholine from presynaptic neurons
B)   increased accumulation of acetylcholine in the synapse
C)   the poison binds to acetylcholine receptors and stimulates them
D)   increased breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft
E)   Both increased accumulation of acetylcholine in the synapse and increased breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a known effect of illegal use of anabolic steroids in large dosages?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased muscle size
B)   kidney damage
C)   diminished testosterone secretion
D)   increased cardiovascular fitness
E)   sterilityF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

-The figure illustrates the neuromuscular junction. What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   presynaptic terminal
B)   muscle fiber
C)   neuromuscular junction
D)   axon branch
E)   myofibrilsF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Which of the following occurs during recovery from oxygen deficit?

Accepted Answer

A)   an elevated level of anaerobic metabolism
B)   depletion of reserves of creatine phosphate
C)   conversion of excess lactic acid to glucose
D)   glycogen degradation to provide creatine
E)   depressed level of aerobic respirationF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Inflammation of the fibrous connective tissue resulting in stiffness and soreness is

Accepted Answer

A)   cramps.
B)   fibrositis.
C)   fibrosis.
D)   muscular dystrophy.
E)   paralysis.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Anabolic steroids can do all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   increase muscle size and strength.
B)   cause testicular atrophy.
C)   cause cardiovascular disease.
D)   increase the number of muscle fibers.
E)   increase total muscle mass.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

T tubules are invaginations of the

Accepted Answer

A)   sarcoplasmic reticulum.
B)   sarcomere.
C)   myofibril.
D)   sarcoplasm.
E)   sarcolemma.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

What is the role of pacemaker cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   can rapidly develop action potentials
B)   shallow invaginations of cell membrane
C)   relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time
D)   intracellular cytoskeleton
E)   enzyme that removes phosphate from myosinF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   synaptic vesicles
B)   synaptic cleft
C)   sarcolemma
D)   presynaptic terminal
E)   postsynaptic membraneF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Intense exercise that results in a great deal of anaerobic activity

Accepted Answer

A)   converts some slow-twitch fibers into fast-twitch fibers.
B)   increases muscular strength and mass.
C)   enlarges slow-twitch fibers.
D)   decreases the efficiency of fast-twitch fibers.
E)   decreases muscle strength and mass.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is true during the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sodium ion concentration is greater inside cells.
B)   Negatively charged proteins are more concentrated outside the cell.
C)   A greater concentration of calcium ions is found inside the cell.
D)   Potassium is concentrated primarily inside the cell.
E)   None of these choices reflect what occurs during the resting membrane potential.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Anabolic steroids can do all of the following except

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Intense exercise that results in a great deal of anaerobic activity

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Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that

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The refractory period

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Which of the following is true during the resting membrane potential?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "E" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child ingested an organophosphate poison used to kill insects. Soon the child's muscles began spastic contractions. Predict what occurred at the synaptic cleft.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the resting membrane potential becomes more negative, which of the following has occurred?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of muscle tissue has cells that branch?

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Which of the following is NOT a known effect of illegal use of anabolic steroids in large dosages?

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What is the role of pacemaker cells?

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T tubules are invaginations of the

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Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy?

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Which of the following statements regarding the sliding filament model is false?

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The type of neurotransmitter or hormone that binds to receptors on smooth muscle plasma membranes determines the response of the muscle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inflammation of the fibrous connective tissue resulting in stiffness and soreness is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The figure illustrates the neuromuscular junction. What does "E" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following occurs during recovery from oxygen deficit?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of respiration occurs in the mitochondria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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