Question 1

The U.S.Census always included a question in order to categorize the respondent by race.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Qualitative research usually takes an inductive approach to the process of conceptualization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

If responses are affected by factors that are not what the instrument is intended to measure,then what is the source of measurement error?

Accepted Answer

A)  idiosyncratic errors
B)  generic individual error
C)  generic factor error
D)  systematic errorsE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 4

A concept that does not vary is known as a constant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which level of measurement is the most mathematically precise?

Accepted Answer

A)  interval
B)  nominal
C)  ordinal
D)  ratioE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

The nominal level of measurement is synonymous with which of the following level of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  interval
B)  categorical
C)  ordinal
D)  ratioE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

When we conceptualize,we specify what we mean by a term.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The primary problem with using available data for new research questions is that there is very little social data available.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What kind of validity is achieved if scores on measures related to one concept are not strongly associated with measures of different concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  face validity
B)  criterion validity
C)  content validity
D)  discriminant validityE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Direct observation is a method of choice for measuring behavior in natural settings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Using more than one measure of the same variable,such as using a survey and direct observation,is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  validation
B)  reliability
C)  conceptualization
D)  triangulationE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The process by which a researcher defines specifically what he or she means when using a concept is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  conceptualization
B)  operationalization
C)  generalization
D)  reliabilityE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Explain the difference between reliability and validity.Why is it important for a measurement instrument to have both?

Accepted Answer

Validity--a measure is valid when it is ...

Question 14

Interobserver reliability occurs when ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  different observers measure the same phenomena in the same way
B)  different observers agree on a definition of measurement
C)  different observers administer an instrument
D)  different observers contribute to the conceptualization processE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Predictive validity occurs when ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a measure can predict scores on a criterion measured in the past.
B)  a measure relates to other measures specified in a social theory.
C)  a measure can predict scores on a criterion measured in the future.
D)  a measure is associated with a criterion collected at the same time.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

According to Schutt,which is not a reason why youth gangs are hard to define?

Accepted Answer

A)  Youth gangs are not particularly cohesive.
B)  Individual gangs change their focus over time.
C)  Youth culture is poorly understood by researchers.
D)  Gangs may have diverse and unclear membership.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Unlike other levels of measurement,nominal levels of measurement need not be exhaustive and mutually exclusive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following statistics is used commonly to measure interitem reliability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pearson's r
B)  Cronbach's α
C)  Guttman's scale
D)   β\betaβ s E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Gender is a good example of a ratio level of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a type of unobtrusive measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  archives
B)  contrived observation
C)  indexes
D)  physical trace evidenceE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 4: Conceptualization and Measurement

According to Schutt,which is not a reason why youth gangs are hard to define?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nominal level of measurement is synonymous with which of the following level of measurement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What kind of validity is achieved if scores on measures related to one concept are not strongly associated with measures of different concepts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gender is a good example of a ratio level of measurement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If responses are affected by factors that are not what the instrument is intended to measure,then what is the source of measurement error?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Predictive validity occurs when ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Qualitative research usually takes an inductive approach to the process of conceptualization.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary problem with using available data for new research questions is that there is very little social data available.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike other levels of measurement,nominal levels of measurement need not be exhaustive and mutually exclusive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Direct observation is a method of choice for measuring behavior in natural settings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using more than one measure of the same variable,such as using a survey and direct observation,is known as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we conceptualize,we specify what we mean by a term.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which level of measurement is the most mathematically precise?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the difference between reliability and validity.Why is it important for a measurement instrument to have both?

Correct AnswerverifiedValidity--a measure is valid when it is ...View AnswerShow Answer

A concept that does not vary is known as a constant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The U.S.Census always included a question in order to categorize the respondent by race.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Interobserver reliability occurs when ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process by which a researcher defines specifically what he or she means when using a concept is known as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a type of unobtrusive measure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statistics is used commonly to measure interitem reliability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Validity--a measure is valid when it is ...
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