Question 1

The P wave of an electrocardiogram indicates

Accepted Answer

A)   atrial depolarization.
B)   atrial repolarization.
C)   ventricular depolarization.
D)   ventricular repolarization.
E)   threshold.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

The baroreceptor reflex would cause which of the following events to occur if the reflex was caused by an increase in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased parasympathetic stimulation of the heart
B)   Increased heart rate
C)   Increased cardiac output
D)   Increased force of contraction
E)   Increased sympathetic stimulation of the heartF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Small changes in ________ will have a large impact on the heart's pumping effectiveness, while large changes in ________ do not impact the effectiveness much.

Accepted Answer

A)   afterload; preload
B)   preload; afterload
C)   contractility; preload
D)   afterload; contractility
E)   contractility; afterloadF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

An incompetent mitral valve may cause blood to back up into the

Accepted Answer

A)   aorta.
B)   left atrium.
C)   left ventricle.
D)   coronary circulation.
E)   right atrium.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following terms is mismatched with its description?

Accepted Answer

A)   Endocardium - covers the inner surfaces of the heart
B)   Myocardium - cardiac muscle
C)   Trabeculae carneae - found on the interior walls of ventricles
D)   Pectinate muscles - muscles that close valves
E)   Chordae tendineae - connective tissue strings that connect to cusps of valvesF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

From the right ventricle, blood flows directly into the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   aorta
B)   right atrium
C)   pulmonary trunk
D)   pulmonary arteries
E)   pulmonary veinsF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Opening and closing of the heart valves is caused by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   breathing
B)   gravity
C)   valves contracting and relaxing
D)   osmotic gradients
E)   pressure gradientsF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

When left atrial pressure exceeds left ventricular pressure,

Accepted Answer

A)   left ventricular ejection begins.
B)   aortic blood pressure begins to rise.
C)   the bicuspid (mitral)  valve opens.
D)   ventricular volume decreases.
E)   the tricuspid valve opens.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Blood vessels enter and exit from the ________ of the heart.

Accepted Answer

A)   apex
B)   base
C)   auricles
D)   trigone
E)   inferior aspectF) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 10

The first and second heart sounds are most directly related to

Accepted Answer

A)   pulse pressure in the aorta.
B)   the contraction of the atria.
C)   vibrations that occur when the valves close.
D)   contraction of the papillary muscles.
E)   the flow of the blood.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)  generates a murmur associated with the ________ heart sound that occurs when the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   lubb (S1) ; atria contract
B)   dupp (S2) ; atria relax
C)   lubb (S1) ; ventricles contract
D)   dupp (S2) ; ventricles relax
E)   lubb (S1) ; ventricles relaxF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

A knowledge of heart location would NOT be important for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood pressure readings
B)   Stethoscope positioning
C)   Electrocardiogram
D)   Cardiopulmonary resucitationE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Within normal limits, an increase in preload leads to

Accepted Answer

A)   an increase in cardiac output and force of left ventricular contraction.
B)   a decrease in cardiac output and force of left ventricular contraction.
C)   an increase in cardiac output and a decrease in the force of left ventricular contraction.
D)   a decrease in cardiac output and an increase in the force of left ventricular contraction.
E)   a decrease in stroke volume and heart rate.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

The function of the pericardial fluid is to

Accepted Answer

A)   reduce friction between the pericardial membranes.
B)   lubricate the heart valves.
C)   replace any blood that is lost.
D)   provide oxygen and nutrients to the endocardium.
E)   stimulate the heart.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 15

What vessel exits the left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pulmonary trunk
B)   Pulmonary vein
C)   Aorta
D)   Pulmonary arteryE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

All cardiac veins empty into the ________, which then empties into the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   coronary sinus; left atrium
B)   coronary sinus; right atrium
C)   great cardiac vein; right atrium
D)   great cardiac vein; superior vena cava
E)   inferior vena cava; left atriumF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

The epicardium

Accepted Answer

A)   covers the surface of the heart.
B)   lines the walls of the ventricles.
C)   is known as the fibrous pericardium.
D)   attaches inferiorly to the diaphragm.
E)   is also called endocardium.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by reduced

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulation of the myocardium.
B)   blood supply to cardiac muscle.
C)   fluid in the pericardial sac.
D)   contractility of the heart.
E)   action potentials from SA node.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

The heart skeleton is fibrous connective tissue that acts as an electrical barrier between the atria and ventricles. If this structure was not functional, which of the following conditions might occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increase in pericardial fluid in the pericardial space
B)   Occlusion of the coronary arteries
C)   Spread of ectopic stimuli from the atria to the ventricles
D)   Blood flow from the right atrium to the left atriumE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

The action potentials are slowed at the AV node to allow the

Accepted Answer

A)   ventricles to repolarize.
B)   ventricles to completely empty of blood.
C)   pacemaker to reset for the next beat.
D)   atria to complete their contraction.
E)   atria to begin their contraction.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 20: Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The first and second heart sounds are most directly related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Opening and closing of the heart valves is caused by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small changes in ________ will have a large impact on the heart's pumping effectiveness, while large changes in ________ do not impact the effectiveness much.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When left atrial pressure exceeds left ventricular pressure,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The heart skeleton is fibrous connective tissue that acts as an electrical barrier between the atria and ventricles. If this structure was not functional, which of the following conditions might occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What vessel exits the left ventricle?

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Within normal limits, an increase in preload leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms is mismatched with its description?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood vessels enter and exit from the ________ of the heart.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From the right ventricle, blood flows directly into the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The P wave of an electrocardiogram indicates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The epicardium

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The baroreceptor reflex would cause which of the following events to occur if the reflex was caused by an increase in blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The action potentials are slowed at the AV node to allow the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by reduced

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of the pericardial fluid is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An incompetent mitral valve may cause blood to back up into the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) generates a murmur associated with the ________ heart sound that occurs when the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A knowledge of heart location would NOT be important for which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All cardiac veins empty into the ________, which then empties into the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Small changes in will have a large impact on the heart's pumping effectiveness, while large changes in do not impact the effectiveness much.

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Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) generates a murmur associated with the heart sound that occurs when the .

Correct Answer
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All cardiac veins empty into the , which then empties into the .

Correct Answer
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