Question 1

The most toxic of our metabolic wastes are nitrogenous wastes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Which are primarily responsible for maintaining the salinity gradient of the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortical nephrons
B)  juxtamedullary nephrons
C)  collecting ducts
D)  proximal convoluted tubules
E)  distal convoluted tubulesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the perirenal fat capsule.
B)  the renal fascia.
C)  the hilum.
D)  the fibrous capsule.
E)  the renal medulla.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces blood volume and pressure by all of the following means except

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing glomerular filtration rate.
B)  inhibiting renin and aldosterone secretion.
C)  inhibiting the action of ADH on the kidney.
D)  inhibiting NaCl reabsorption by the collecting duct.
E)  preventing sodium loss in the urine.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

What is the term for the pigment responsible for the color of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  monochrome
B)  urochrome
C)  cyanochrome
D)  multichrome
E)  pyuriaF) C) and D)
G) C) and E) B

Question 6

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the of all the nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one's daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubules
B)  distal convoluted tubules
C)  loops of Henle
D)  collecting ducts
E)  glomeruliF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 7

Normal urine from a healthy person can be expected to contain all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  creatinine
B)  urobilin
C)  glucose
D)  ammonia
E)  magnesiumF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen released from the to form angiotensin I.

Accepted Answer

A)  lungs
B)  kidneys
C)  liver
D)  heart
E)  spleenF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Glomerular capillaries suffer little damage from hypertension because of the protective influence of
the afferent arterioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A patient enters a hospital after a motorcycle accident.He complains of mid-back pain.X-rays reveal both rib and pelvic fractures.His emergency room examination includes urinalysis.Which of the following findings from the urinalysis would most likely suggest trauma to the kidneys from the accident, but not to the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  pyuria
B)  hematuria
C)  albuminuria
D)  uremia
E)  phenylketonuriaF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

The average person has approximately nephrons per kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.2 million
B)  2.4 million
C)  3.6 million
D)  4.8 million
E)  5.6 millionF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Glomerular filtration occurs because glomerular oncotic pressure overrides glomerular blood
pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Proximal convoluted tubules are responsible for reabsorbing all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium.
B)  sodium chloride.
C)  hydrogen ions.
D)  urea.
E)  water.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) C

Question 14

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Diseases that affect the descending corticospinal tracts may limit inhibition of the sacral somatic
motor neurons and thus could result in urinary incontinence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus
B)  proximal convoluted tubule
C)  distal convoluted tubule
D)  collecting duct
E)  nephron loopF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal corpuscle.
B)  the proximal convoluted tubule.
C)  the distal convoluted tubule.
D)  the glomerular capillaries.
E)  the collecting duct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Which of these induces renin secretion, constricts afferent arterioles, and reduces GFR, and urine volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone
B)  antidiuretic hormone
C)  parathyroid hormone
D)  norepinephrine
E)  angiotensin IIF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Hypocalcemia stimulates

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in aldosterone production.
B)  secretion of parathyroid hormone.
C)  secretion of renin.
D)  an increase in blood urea nitrogen.
E)  vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 20

Prior to chemical tests for glycosuria, clinicians checked for sweetness of the urine as a sign of

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes insipidus.
B)  acute glomerulonephritis.
C)  diabetes mellitus.
D)  renal calculus.
E)  pyelitis.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 23: The Urinary System

The most toxic of our metabolic wastes are nitrogenous wastes.

Correct Answer
verified
True

Which are primarily responsible for maintaining the salinity gradient of the renal medulla?

Correct Answer
verified

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as

Correct Answer
verified

Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces blood volume and pressure by all of the following means except

Correct Answer
verified

What is the term for the pigment responsible for the color of urine?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the of all the nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one's daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

Correct Answer
verified

Normal urine from a healthy person can be expected to contain all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen released from the to form angiotensin I.

Correct Answer
verified

Glomerular capillaries suffer little damage from hypertension because of the protective influence of the afferent arterioles.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The average person has approximately nephrons per kidney.

Correct Answer
verified

Glomerular filtration occurs because glomerular oncotic pressure overrides glomerular blood pressure.

Correct Answer
verified

Proximal convoluted tubules are responsible for reabsorbing all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified
C

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Correct Answer
verified

Diseases that affect the descending corticospinal tracts may limit inhibition of the sacral somatic motor neurons and thus could result in urinary incontinence.

Correct Answer
verified

Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?

Correct Answer
verified

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these induces renin secretion, constricts afferent arterioles, and reduces GFR, and urine volume?

Correct Answer
verified

Hypocalcemia stimulates

Correct Answer
verified

Prior to chemical tests for glycosuria, clinicians checked for sweetness of the urine as a sign of

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 23: The Urinary System

The most toxic of our metabolic wastes are nitrogenous wastes.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Which are primarily responsible for maintaining the salinity gradient of the renal medulla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces blood volume and pressure by all of the following means except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term for the pigment responsible for the color of urine?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the of all the nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one's daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normal urine from a healthy person can be expected to contain all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen released from the to form angiotensin I.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glomerular capillaries suffer little damage from hypertension because of the protective influence of the afferent arterioles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average person has approximately nephrons per kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glomerular filtration occurs because glomerular oncotic pressure overrides glomerular blood pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proximal convoluted tubules are responsible for reabsorbing all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Albuminuria is a common sign of diabetes mellitus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diseases that affect the descending corticospinal tracts may limit inhibition of the sacral somatic motor neurons and thus could result in urinary incontinence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these induces renin secretion, constricts afferent arterioles, and reduces GFR, and urine volume?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hypocalcemia stimulates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prior to chemical tests for glycosuria, clinicians checked for sweetness of the urine as a sign of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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True

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B

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C

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