Question 1

______ validity is commonly used in social science research when no clear criterion exists for validation.

Accepted Answer

A)   Face
B)   Content
C)   Criterion
D)   ConstructE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Reliability is a prerequisite for measurement validity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What are four levels of measurement? Name and give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The four levels of measurement are nomin...

Question 4

The set of questions in the Favorable Attitudes Toward Antisocial Behavior Scale is a good example of a(n)  ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   interval level index
B)   nominal index-scale
C)   continuous scale
D)   multi-item index or scaleE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Open-ended questions are preferable when the range of responses cannot adequately be anticipated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A variable's attributes or values are mutually exclusive if ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   every case can have only one attribute
B)   every value can have exclusive cases
C)   cases have no mathematical interpretation
D)   cases are classified in distinct categoriesE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

A measure is valid when it yields consistent scores or observations of a given phenomenon on different occasions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A strategy that increases the reliability of observational data by using explicit rules that standardize coding practices across observers is

Accepted Answer

A)   operationalization
B)   systematic social observation (SSO) 
C)   triangulation
D)   contrived observation (CO) E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Physical traces of past behavior are one type of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   open-ended available data
B)   statistical information
C)   unobtrusive measure
D)   official measureE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

What is "operationalization"? Using the concept "binge drinking", operationalize one variable that represents it, and finally provide one indicator for the measure.

Accepted Answer

Operationalization is the process of spe...

Question 11

When ratings by an observer are being assessed at two or more points in time, test-retest reliability is termed inter-observer reliability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The goal of conceptualization is to devise operations that actually measure what we intend to measure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

How we operationalize concepts affects our findings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The level of precision in the data that result from particular procedures is known as the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   standards of collection
B)   levels of measurement
C)   level of precision
D)   standards of ordinalityE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Researchers are testing split-halves reliability when they compare subjects' answers to lightly different versions of survey questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Why do surveys that are to be given to a large number of people often consist primarily of closed-ended (fixed choice) questions?

Accepted Answer

Most surveys of a large number of people...

Question 17

Criterion validity is established when ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   confidence is gained from careful inspection of a concept to see if it makes sense
B)   the scores on one measure can accurately be compared to those obtained with an already validated measure of the same phenomenon
C)   the measure covers the full range of a concept's meaning
D)   a measure is related to a variety of other measures as specified in a theoryE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Researchers are testing alternate-forms reliability when ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   responses to the same questions by two randomly selected halves of a sample are about the same
B)   they compare subjects' answers to slightly different versions of survey questions
C)   measurement showing that measures of a phenomenon at two points in time are highly correlated
D)   they calculate reliability based on the correlation among multiple items used to measure a single conceptE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The use of multiple methods to study one research question is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   unobtrusive measures
B)   systematic social observation (SSO) 
C)   operationalization
D)   triangulationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Why is it crucial to clearly define a concept before conducting research?

Accepted Answer

Concepts such as substance-free housing ...

Exam 4: Conceptualization and Measurement

Physical traces of past behavior are one type of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A variable's attributes or values are mutually exclusive if ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Criterion validity is established when ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Open-ended questions are preferable when the range of responses cannot adequately be anticipated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The set of questions in the Favorable Attitudes Toward Antisocial Behavior Scale is a good example of a(n) ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A measure is valid when it yields consistent scores or observations of a given phenomenon on different occasions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers are testing split-halves reliability when they compare subjects' answers to lightly different versions of survey questions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The level of precision in the data that result from particular procedures is known as the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The goal of conceptualization is to devise operations that actually measure what we intend to measure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reliability is a prerequisite for measurement validity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is "operationalization"? Using the concept "binge drinking", operationalize one variable that represents it, and finally provide one indicator for the measure.

Correct AnswerverifiedOperationalization is the process of spe...View AnswerShow Answer

What are four levels of measurement? Name and give an example of each.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe four levels of measurement are nomin...View AnswerShow Answer

Researchers are testing alternate-forms reliability when ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do surveys that are to be given to a large number of people often consist primarily of closed-ended (fixed choice) questions?

Correct AnswerverifiedMost surveys of a large number of people...View AnswerShow Answer

When ratings by an observer are being assessed at two or more points in time, test-retest reliability is termed inter-observer reliability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How we operationalize concepts affects our findings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ validity is commonly used in social science research when no clear criterion exists for validation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A strategy that increases the reliability of observational data by using explicit rules that standardize coding practices across observers is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of multiple methods to study one research question is known as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is it crucial to clearly define a concept before conducting research?

Correct AnswerverifiedConcepts such as substance-free housing ...View AnswerShow Answer

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Operationalization is the process of spe...
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The four levels of measurement are nomin...
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Most surveys of a large number of people...
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Concepts such as substance-free housing ...
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