Question 1

What type of neuroglial cells provide support and nutrition to sensory ganglia in the PNS?

Accepted Answer

A)   Schwann cells
B)   microglia
C)   ependymal cells
D)   satellite cellsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-higher outside cell

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration of potassium
B)  concentration of sodium and chloride
C)  negatively charged proteins
D)  sodium/potassium pump
E)  plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channelsF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Match the neuroglial cell with its function.
-Schwann cell

Accepted Answer

A)  influence function of blood-brain barrier
B)  macrophages in CNS
C)  produce cerebrospinal fluid
D)  form myelin sheath around axons in CNS
E)  form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNSF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

The opening of more and more Na+ ion channels during depolarization

Accepted Answer

A)   is the result of the sodium-potassium exchange pump.
B)   is an example of a positive feedback cycle.
C)   is possible only if K+ channels remain closed.
D)   is the cause of the afterpotential.
E)   is an example of a negative feedback cycle.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Local Potential

Accepted Answer

A)  a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area
B)  a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state
C)  a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell
D)  membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell
E)  return to the resting membrane potentialF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

The peripheral nervous system includes the

Accepted Answer

A)   brain.
B)   spinal cord.
C)   cranial nerves.
D)   blood-brain barrier.
E)   cerebellum.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true about astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)   They can wall off an injury site to prevent spread of inflammation.
B)   They can prevent toxic substances from entering brain tissue.
C)   They can release chemicals that promote formation of synapses.
D)   They can aid in the regeneration of injured neurons.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

An action potential

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level.
B)   propagates across the plasma membrane in a decremental fashion.
C)   has no repolarization phase.
D)   is an example of negative feedback.
E)   cannot transmit information.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Which type of circuit is associated with complex neuronal processes, such as solving mathematical equations?

Accepted Answer

A)   reverberating
B)   converging
C)   parallel after-discharge
D)   divergingE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disorder in which myelin sheaths in the CNS are destroyed. Which of the following neuroglial cells is being damaged in multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   astrocyte
B)   microglial cell
C)   oligodendrocyte
D)   ependymal cell
E)   Schwann cellsF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

LouAnn is being treated for a neurological condition with a specific drug that target neurons deep within the brain. Which glial cell must be bypassed by this drug in order for it to be effective?

Accepted Answer

A)   astrocyte
B)   microglial cell
C)   oligodendrocyte
D)   ependymal cell
E)   macrophageF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 12

When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor and increases the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to sodium ions,

Accepted Answer

A)   the membrane will be hyperpolarized.
B)   more chloride ions will also diffuse into the cell.
C)   an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)  will result.
D)   the membrane will become impermeable to potassium ions.
E)   the sodium ions diffuse out of the cell.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The resting plasma membrane is more permeable to Na+ than K+.
B)   The resting membrane potential never reaches an equilibrium point.
C)   The resting membrane potential is proportional to the tendency for K+ to diffuse out of the cell.
D)   Negatively charged Cl- ions are attracted by negative charges in the cell.
E)   The purpose of the sodium-potassium exchange pump is to create an equilibrium of ion concentrations.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Neurons arranged in a circular pathway form

Accepted Answer

A)   neuromotor junctions.
B)   temporal circuits.
C)   reverberating circuits.
D)   spatial pathways.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Receptor molecules in synapses

Accepted Answer

A)   tend to concentrate on presynaptic terminals.
B)   bind irreversibly with neurotransmitter.
C)   have a high degree of specificity.
D)   serve as channel proteins.
E)   can bind to any molecule in the synapse.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-large molecules trapped inside cell

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration of potassium
B)  concentration of sodium and chloride
C)  negatively charged proteins
D)  sodium/potassium pump
E)  plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channelsF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

The respiratory center of the brain (taking into account input from chemoreceptors, pulmonary stretch receptors and higher centers of the brain to determine respiratory output)  is an example of a ______ circuit.

Accepted Answer

A)   parallel after-discharge
B)   reverberating
C)   converging
D)   divergingE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Digestion of food is regulated by the

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory division.
B)   sympathetic division of the ANS.
C)   parasympathetic division of the ANS.
D)   somatic nervous system.
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Match the neuroglial cell with its function.
-microglia

Accepted Answer

A)  influence function of blood-brain barrier
B)  macrophages in CNS
C)  produce cerebrospinal fluid
D)  form myelin sheath around axons in CNS
E)  form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNSF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

The absolute refractory period assures

Accepted Answer

A)   prolonged depolarization during the action potential.
B)   completion of repolarization before another action potential.
C)   that no after-potential occurs.
D)   reversal of the direction of propagation of the action potential.
E)   that the stimulus is strong enough to elicit a response.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disorder in which myelin sheaths in the CNS are destroyed. Which of the following neuroglial cells is being damaged in multiple sclerosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The respiratory center of the brain (taking into account input from chemoreceptors, pulmonary stretch receptors and higher centers of the brain to determine respiratory output) is an example of a ______ circuit.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -higher outside cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the neuroglial cell with its function. -microglia

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of circuit is associated with complex neuronal processes, such as solving mathematical equations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Receptor molecules in synapses

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurons arranged in a circular pathway form

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

LouAnn is being treated for a neurological condition with a specific drug that target neurons deep within the brain. Which glial cell must be bypassed by this drug in order for it to be effective?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The peripheral nervous system includes the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor and increases the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to sodium ions,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of neuroglial cells provide support and nutrition to sensory ganglia in the PNS?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about astrocytes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The absolute refractory period assures

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The opening of more and more Na+ ion channels during depolarization

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the term with the correct definition. -Local Potential

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Digestion of food is regulated by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An action potential

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -large molecules trapped inside cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the neuroglial cell with its function. -Schwann cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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