Question 1

The stem cells of osteoclasts are

Accepted Answer

A)   osteocytes.
B)   chondrocytes.
C)   monocytes.
D)   osteochondral progenitor cells.
E)   osteoclasts.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

The type of lamellae that forms the outside surface of compact bone is

Accepted Answer

A)   interstitial.
B)   circumferential.
C)   appositional.
D)   concentric.
E)   oppositional.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Osteomalacia is

Accepted Answer

A)   a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion.
B)   bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection.
C)   a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones.
D)   a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix.
E)   a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?

Accepted Answer

A)   osteocytes
B)   osteoblasts
C)   osteoclasts
D)   osteochondral progenitor cellE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Osteoblasts involved in bone growth in length come primarily from

Accepted Answer

A)   chondrocytes.
B)   connective tissue surrounding blood vessels from the endosteum.
C)   osteocytes.
D)   periosteum.
E)   endothelium of blood vessels.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Calcitonin

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases osteoblast activity.
B)   is associated with decreased osteoclast activity.
C)   decreases osteochondral progenitor cell activity.
D)   decreases osteocyte activity.
E)   has no effect on bone cells.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

The ethmoid and sphenoid bones are formed by ___________

Accepted Answer

A)   intramembranous ossification
B)   endochondral ossificationC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 8

Bone growth at the articular cartilage is responsible for bone growth of

Accepted Answer

A)   long bones.
B)   only the cartilage.
C)   flat bones.
D)   short bones.
E)   irregular bones.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

In which of the following locations in a growing bone would the greatest osteoclast activity be found?

Accepted Answer

A)   articular cartilage
B)   perichondrium
C)   epiphyseal plate
D)   epiphysis
E)   medullary cavityF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

The covering of the outer surface of bone is the

Accepted Answer

A)   trabeculae.
B)   lamellae.
C)   lacunae.
D)   periosteum.
E)   canaliculi.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following membranes covers the surface of a mature bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   perichondrium
B)   perimysium
C)   periosteum
D)   peritendineum
E)   peritoneumF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

How does the digestive system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet
B)   lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone
C)   calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis
D)   pain following injury helps prevent further injury
E)   blood clotting starts repair processF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Canaliculi are found in this type of bone tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)   compact bone
B)   both spongy and compact
C)   spongy boneD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 14

When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoblasts
B)   osteocytes
C)   osteoclasts
D)   osteons
E)   matrix cellsF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)  causes

Accepted Answer

A)   increased RANKL and decreased OPG.
B)   PTH has no effect on RANKL and OPG.
C)   increased RANKL and increased OPG.
D)   decreased RANKL and decreased OPG.
E)   decreased RANKL and increased OPG.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Which type of bone cells give rise to osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

A)   osteochondral progenitor cell
B)   osteoblasts
C)   osteoclasts
D)   osteocytesE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The type of lamellae found between osteons (Haversian systems)  is

Accepted Answer

A)   interstitial.
B)   oppositional.
C)   appositional.
D)   circumferential.
E)   concentric.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

Brittle bone disorder is another name for

Accepted Answer

A)   scurvy.
B)   osteomyelitis.
C)   osteoporosis.
D)   osteomalacia.
E)   osteogenesis imperfecta.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

What structure forms between the ends of a broken bone and also the marrow cavities?

Accepted Answer

A)   external callus
B)   compact bone
C)   internal callus
D)   hematomaE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

How does the respiratory system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted.
B)   Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.
C)   Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption.
D)   Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair.
E)   Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Which of the following membranes covers the surface of a mature bone?

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What structure forms between the ends of a broken bone and also the marrow cavities?

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When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?

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Canaliculi are found in this type of bone tissue.

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Calcitonin

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The ethmoid and sphenoid bones are formed by ___________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brittle bone disorder is another name for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The covering of the outer surface of bone is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stem cells of osteoclasts are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of bone cells give rise to osteoblasts?

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How does the respiratory system contribute to osteoporosis?

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Osteoblasts involved in bone growth in length come primarily from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?

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Osteomalacia is

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In which of the following locations in a growing bone would the greatest osteoclast activity be found?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of lamellae that forms the outside surface of compact bone is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the digestive system contribute to osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of lamellae found between osteons (Haversian systems) is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone growth at the articular cartilage is responsible for bone growth of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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