Question 1

In the initiation ofmuscle contraction, calcium ions bind totropomyosin, exposing active sites on actin for cross-bridge formation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Following stenuous exercise, levels of ATP, creatine phosphate, oxygen, and glucose must be returned to normal levels. This situation, called __________, may take several hours to complete.

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen debt
B)   muscle atrophy
C)   aerobic respiration
D)   tetanyE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The muscles of the back that help maintain upright posture while standing still are undergoing what type of contractions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Isotonic contractions
B)   Isometric contractionsC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 4

What is the main component of thin filaments?

Accepted Answer

A)   Myofibrils
B)   Acetylcholine
C)   Actin
D)   Myosin
E)   CollagenF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 5

Muscle fatigue results from a combination of insufficient calcium and an excessof acetylcholine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A broad sheet of dense connective tissue that connects muscle to its origin or insertion is called a(n) ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A broad sheet of dense connective tissue...

Question 7

If frequency of stimulation to a muscle fiber is increased, the force of contraction will increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the product of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)   Creatine phosphate
B)   Pyruvic acid
C)   Carbon dioxide
D)   Water and ATPE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Layers of dense connective tissue called __________ separate and support individual muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)   fascia
B)   tendons
C)   cartilage
D)   aponeurosesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Troponin, tropomyosin and actin are all parts of the thin filaments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which statement describes multiunit smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)   Composed of sheets of muscle cells
B)   Displays rhythmicity
C)   Found within the walls of the stomach and intestines
D)   Responds to stimulation by neurons and certain hormonesE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

The enzyme ATPase is located in the heads of myosin molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A(n)  __________ is a bundle of dense connective tissue that connects a skeletal muscle to a bone.

Accepted Answer

A)   origin
B)   insertion
C)   tendon
D)   ligament
E)   epimysiumF) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 14

During the motion that extends the upper limb at the elbow, the triceps brachii represents which part of the lever?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rigid bar
B)   Fulcrum
C)   Force
D)   Resistance
E)   HandleF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 15

Consider the components of the lever that causes the flexion of the upper limb at the elbow. The fulcrum of the lever is the __________ and the force to move the rigid bar (the forearm bones)  is provided by contraction of the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   elbow joint; biceps brachii
B)   shoulder joint; triceps brachii
C)   elbow joint; triceps brachii
D)   shoulder joint; biceps brachiiE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

What is oxygen debt?

Accepted Answer

A)   The oxygen needed to oxidize one molecule of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration
B)   The oxygen needed after strenuous exercise to restore ATP and oxygen levels, and for liver cells to convert lactate to glucose
C)   The oxygen needed to begin a bout of strenuous exercise, starting from rest
D)   The oxygen needed to drive glycolysis in muscle and liver cells
E)   The oxygen needed to convert pyruvic acid to lactic acid to lactateF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

What causes the rigor mortis that occurs in skeletal muscles after death?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increase in available ATP, and decreased membrane permeability to calcium ions
B)   Decrease in available ATP, and increased membrane permeability to calcium ions
C)   Persistent stimulation by motor neuron
D)   Decrease in the number of muscle fibers
E)   Increase in membrane leakiness to sodium, resulting in continuing action potentialsF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's own immune system produces antibodies to acetylcholine receptors, blocking or destroying them. What would be a major symptom of this disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Muscle weakness
B)   Muscle spasms or cramps
C)   Hypertrophy of affected muscles
D)   Loss of motor neuron functionE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

In the absence of oxygen, what process is used by muscle cells to generate small amounts of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)   Electron transport chain
B)   Glycolysis
C)   Aerobic respiration
D)   Hydrolysis of myoglobinE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

What is the product of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)   Creatine phosphate
B)   Pyruvic acid
C)   Carbon dioxide
D)   Water and ATPE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 8: Muscular System

Following stenuous exercise, levels of ATP, creatine phosphate, oxygen, and glucose must be returned to normal levels. This situation, called __________, may take several hours to complete.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Layers of dense connective tissue called __________ separate and support individual muscles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the motion that extends the upper limb at the elbow, the triceps brachii represents which part of the lever?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the initiation ofmuscle contraction, calcium ions bind totropomyosin, exposing active sites on actin for cross-bridge formation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the absence of oxygen, what process is used by muscle cells to generate small amounts of ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If frequency of stimulation to a muscle fiber is increased, the force of contraction will increase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement describes multiunit smooth muscle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A broad sheet of dense connective tissue that connects muscle to its origin or insertion is called a(n) ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's own immune system produces antibodies to acetylcholine receptors, blocking or destroying them. What would be a major symptom of this disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The muscles of the back that help maintain upright posture while standing still are undergoing what type of contractions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the product of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider the components of the lever that causes the flexion of the upper limb at the elbow. The fulcrum of the lever is the __________ and the force to move the rigid bar (the forearm bones) is provided by contraction of the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme ATPase is located in the heads of myosin molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is oxygen debt?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What causes the rigor mortis that occurs in skeletal muscles after death?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the product of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) __________ is a bundle of dense connective tissue that connects a skeletal muscle to a bone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the main component of thin filaments?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Muscle fatigue results from a combination of insufficient calcium and an excessof acetylcholine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Troponin, tropomyosin and actin are all parts of the thin filaments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Consider the components of the lever that causes the flexion of the upper limb at the elbow. The fulcrum of the lever is the and the force to move the rigid bar (the forearm bones) is provided by contraction of the .

Correct Answer
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