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Exam 1: The Evolution of Psychology

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Question 121

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The concept of "stream of consciousness" is associated with ​

A) John Watson.
B) William James.
C) Sigmund Freud.
D) Wilhelm Wundt.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 122

Multiple Choice

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Dr. Escher believes that individuals may inherit a predisposition for some psychological disorders, but that the disorders will not actually develop unless there is some stressful event that acts as a trigger. Dr. Escher's views reflect the underlying theme that ​

A) genetic factors and experience interact to shape behavior.
B) our cultural backgrounds exert a considerable influence over our behavior.
C) motives and expectations can color our experiences.
D) theoretical diversity is an important component in science.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 123

Multiple Choice

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In criticizing the structuralists' reliance on the method of introspection, William James argued that two people could view the same stimulus quite differently. James's argument illustrates which of the textbook's unifying themes? ​

Which of the following is NOT good advice for developing sound study habits? ​

A system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations is called a(n)

Briefly summarize the basic tenets of evolutionary psychology.

Ramon is a graduate student whose major area of interest is cognitive psychology. You should expect that Ramon is MOST interested in

One psychologist explains a phobia in terms of learning principles whereas another looks to the unconscious for an explanation. Given this scenario, which of the following conclusions is MOST accurate? ​

The branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders is called _____ psychology.

Darnell is working on a computer system that will have full language recognition capabilities. The type of psychologist that could probably give Darnell the MOST help in developing this computer system would be a _____ psychologist.

Although functionalism faded away as a theoretical force in psychology, historians credit it with two important contributions to the discipline: ​

Which of the following is NOT included in the text's definition of psychology? ​

Oliver is studying motivation in chimpanzees. His roommate doesn't think that Oliver's animal research will produce much useful information about human motivation. Oliver's roommate apparently has a(n) _____ perspective.

A clinical psychologist would probably be MOST interested in ​

Currently, a large proportion of the American population is overweight. Dr. Laker thinks that, in part, this may be due to an innate preference for foods that are rich in fats and sugars. Dr. Laker has suggested that in times when foods were not so readily available, this innate preference would ensure enough calories for energy and survival. Dr. Laker's views are MOST consistent with those of the _____ perspective in psychology.

How is psychology defined today?

Imagine that you have been asked to speak to a group of tenth-grade students who have signed up for a study skills seminar offered by a local youth group. Based on the information provided in the Personal Application, what are five concrete points that you would make in your presentation?

B. F. Skinner's conclusion that "free will is an illusion" was based on his belief that people are under the control of their _____.

Dr. Lopez is a psychologist who evaluates, diagnoses, and treats people with everyday problems of moderate severity. What type of psychologist is Dr. Lopez? ​

Of all doctoral degrees awarded in the sciences and humanities, psychology accounts for about ​