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Exam 6: Exhaust Gas Composition and Analysis

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Question 1

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The term "stoichiometric" refers to an air fuel mixture of:

A) 16.5 to 1
B) 15.7 to 1
C) 14.7 to 1
D) 12 to 1

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 2

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A vehicle with a return-type fuel injection system is being tested with an exhaust gas analyzer and the following results are obtained (AIR pump disabled) : $\begin{array} { l l l lr} \text { At Idle:} &\quad\quad\quad& \text {At 2,500 RPM: } \\ \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = 14.80 \% &\quad\quad \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = & 8.30 \% \\ \mathrm { CO } & = 0.00 \% & \quad\quad\mathrm { CO } & = & 0.00 \% \\ \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = 0.20 \% & \quad\quad\mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = & 4.25 \% \\ \mathrm { HC } & = 45 \mathrm { PPM } & \quad\quad\mathrm { HC } & = & 330 \mathrm { PPM } \\ \lambda & = 1.007 &\quad\quad \lambda & = & 1313\end{array}$ Which condition would most likely be responsible for all of the readings shown?

A) An open spark plug wire
B) A vacuum leak
C) A restricted fuel filter
D) A leaking fuel pressure regulator diaphragm

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 3

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A pre-OBD II vehicle with a return-type fuel injection system is being tested with an exhaust gas analyzer and the following results are obtained (AIR pump disabled) : $\begin{array} { l l l lr} \text { At Idle:} &\quad\quad\quad& \text {At 2500 RPM: } \\ \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = 8.35 \% &\quad\quad \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = & 7.80 \% \\ \mathrm { CO } & = 0.00 \% & \quad\quad\mathrm { CO } & = & 0.00 \% \\ \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = 0.91 \% & \quad\quad\mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = & 0.85 \% \\ \mathrm { HC } & = 1,200 \mathrm { PPM } & \quad\quad\mathrm { HC } & = & 2,360\mathrm { PPM } \\ \lambda & = 0.930 &\quad\quad \lambda & = & 0.908 \end{array}$ Which condition would most likely be responsible for all of the readings shown?

Which gas is considered toxic?

Which gas can be used an indicator of a rich condition?

Carbon monoxide (CO) is being discussed. Technician A says carbon monoxide may cause dizziness. Technician B says carbon monoxide smells like rotten eggs.Who is correct?

Constant volume sampling generally tests for which four gases?

If a total misfire occurs within the cylinder for any reason, which gas levels will be dramatically high?

An exhaust gas analyzer (concentration sampling type) is being used to sample the exhaust of a vehicle that has an exhaust system leak.  Which of these four gases will read higher than normal?

When a concentration-type gas analyzer has been properly warmed up and its probe is exposed to ambient air, what should the displayed oxygen reading indicate?

Which gas can be used an indicator of a lean condition?

An exhaust analyzer that measures lambda is being discussed. Technician A says a lambda reading of 0.98 to 1.02 is considered normal. Technician B says a lambda of 1.12 indicates a lean condition. Who is correct?

Normal combustion is being discussed. Technician A says water (H2O) is a by-product of normal combustion. Technician B says carbon dioxide (CO2) is a by-product of normal combustion. Who is correct?

Which statement is true about carbon monoxide (CO) ?

A vehicle with a return-type fuel injection system is being tested with an exhaust gas analyzer and the following results are obtained (AIR pump disabled) : $\begin{array} { l l l lr} \text { At Idle:} &\quad\quad\quad& \text {At 2,500 RPM: } \\ \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = 8.10 \% &\quad\quad \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = & 9.70 \% \\ \mathrm { CO } & = 10.00 \%\text { (pegged high) } & \quad\quad\mathrm { CO } & = & 8.13 \% \\ \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = 0.00 \% & \quad\quad\mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = & 0.00 \% \\ \mathrm { HC } & = 850 \mathrm { PPM } & \quad\quad\mathrm { HC } & = & 530 \mathrm { PP } \\ \lambda & = 0.707&\quad\quad \lambda & = & 0.769 \end{array}$ Which condition would most likely be responsible for all of the readings shown?

A vehicle with a return-type fuel injection system is being tested with an exhaust gas analyzer and the following results are obtained (AIR pump disabled) : $\begin{array} { l l l lr} \text { At Idle:} &\quad\quad\quad& \text {At 2,500 RPM: } \\ \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = 8.20 \% &\quad\quad \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } & = & 14.30 \% \\ \mathrm { CO } & = 0.00 \% & \quad\quad\mathrm { CO } & = & 0.00 \% \\ \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = 5.10 \% & \quad\quad\mathrm { O } _ { 2 } & = & 0.25 \% \\ \mathrm { HC } & = 1,200 \mathrm { PPM } & \quad\quad\mathrm { HC } & = & 30 \mathrm { PP } \\ \lambda & = 1.304 &\quad\quad \lambda & = & 1.01 \end{array}$ Which condition would most likely be responsible for all of the readings shown?

A vehicle has high levels of oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) . Which condition could be the cause?

A vehicle has both excessive CO and O₂ readings. Which condition is the most likely cause?

When an engine has good combustion (proper compression and volumetric efficiency, proper spark timing and delivery, and a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio) , which level of gas emissions should be high?

A vehicle with high levels of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) is being discussed. Technician A says engine overheating is a likely cause. Technician B says a defective turbocharger intercooler may be the cause. Who is correct?