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Exam 1: The Mission and the Method

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Question 1

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If a researcher tested 1000 people and found that women received significantly higher scores on the verbal portion of the SAT than did men, this would mean that ____.

A) among the sample that was tested, women's scores were definitely higher than men's (even if the difference is very small) -though there might not be a difference in the population at large
B) among the sample that was tested, women's scores were at least 5% higher than men's-though there might not be a difference in the population at large
C) in the population at large, women's scores are likely higher than men's (even if the difference is very small)
D) in the population at large, women's scores are likely higher than men's-by a score difference of at least 5%

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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Dr. Tsuei is studying the effects of sleep deprivation on interpersonal skills. He is testing the interpersonal skills of 20-25 year-old males who have been sleep deprived for 24 hours, 36 hours, or 48 hours. In this study, the dependent variable is the ____.

A) age of the research participants
B) interpersonal skills of the research participants
C) length of time that the research participants are deprived of sleep
D) type of interpersonal skills test used in the study

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 3

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If you conduct a study and predict that excessive computer use causes social awkwardness, then social awkwardness is the ____________________ variable.

Repeating an experiment is called ____________________.

A correlation coefficient communicates two pieces of information about the relationship between two variables: The ____ communicates the direction of the relationship, and the ____ communicates the strength of the relationship.

Suppose that a cereal manufacturer tried out a new cereal box design for a few months, and-during the same time period-notices that its sales have tripled. One of the cereal executives, Mr. Correl, boasts that the new cereal box must have sparked the increase in sales. But another executive, Mr. Scien, points out that the increase could be due to the new advertising campaign that the company is using, or to new distribution practices that have taken hold, or to the fact that more and more people are eating cereal these days. That is, Mr. Scien suggests that the company's "test" of the new cereal box design is low in ____.

As a rule, social psychologists are MOST interested in ____.

Based on early research by Norman Triplett with racing cyclists, we should expect that people who exercise on rowing machines at gyms are more likely to ____ than people who exercise on the same machines in the privacy of their homes.

A study is said to have internal validity if the researcher can be relatively confident that ____.

According to the textbook, is most social psychological research high in external validity? Why or why not? How big of a problem is cultural relativity for social psychology as a field, and what steps are researchers taking to address it?

According to the textbook, human intuition is typically an excellent guide to understanding human behavior.

In psychology, an "affect" is most similar to ____.

Social psychology is best defined as the study of ____.

In the history of psychology and social psychology, the late 1800s and early 1900s marked ____.

When a researcher conducts an experiment, and is fairly certain that changes in the independent variable caused changes in the dependent variable, that experiment is said to be high in ____________________.

Random assignment is one of the defining features of correlational research.

In recent years, what has emerged as an important subfield of social psychology that explores the ways in which people think about social situations?

In social psychology, researchers typically test hypotheses using the ____ confidence level.

The Literary Digest poll that predicted Alf Landon would resoundingly win the presidential election when, in fact, Franklin Roosevelt won, was flawed by ____.

The purposes of the oral or written statement participants receive at the end of a psychological study include _____.