Question 1

When we say that a child looks just like his father, we are referring to the child's

Accepted Answer

A)   phenotype.
B)   genotype.
C)   karotype.
D)   monotype.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Sickle-cell anemia is a condition in which

Accepted Answer

A)   the child's body does not produce the enzyme that is necessary to digest certain types of protein in the human diet.
B)   the nerves of the body undergo deterioration that eventually leads to paralysis and death.
C)   the shape of the red blood cells is distorted so they cannot transport an adequate amount of oxygen through the body.
D)   the individual suffers varying degrees of mental retardation and learning disabilities.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Conditions such as depression, alcoholism, or schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

A)   have some genetic basis, but each results from the interaction of many genes with environmental influences.
B)   are the result of dominant and recessive genes intermingling.
C)   are dominant gene disorders that are more common in men than in women.
D)   can be identified through prenatal genetic testing.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

A conception that has one X and one Y chromosome in the 23rd position will become an individual who

Accepted Answer

A)   has Down syndrome.
B)   is a female.
C)   is a male.
D)   will be cognitively impaired.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Identifying how a particular gene works inside a cell is the primary goal of

Accepted Answer

A)   eugenics.
B)   neurobiology.
C)   behavioral genomics
D)   molecular genetics.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Girls who grow up in households without a father present are more likely to go through puberty at a younger age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Why do researchers want to discover which traits and behaviors are highly likely to develop from genetic input?

Accepted Answer

A)   Because this will aid in the search for the specific genes responsible.
B)   Because this will aid in the development of fertility treatments.
C)   Because this will determine treatments for chromosomal disorders.
D)   Because this will allow for the establishment of behavior genetics.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Canalization is the

Accepted Answer

A)   degree to which the expression of a gene is influenced by the environment.
B)   likelihood that a recessive gene will express itself in the phenotype.
C)   degree to which multiple genes work together to produce a trait.
D)   extent to which certain characteristics evoke specific responses from others.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

What do we know about the similarities and differences regarding identical twins from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart?

Accepted Answer

A)   Identical twins reared apart are different on aspects of personality, interest, and personality when compared to both identical twins reared together and fraternal twins reared together.
B)   Identical twins reared apart are about as similar to each other on aspects of their personality as identical twins reared together, but very different on aspects of social attitudes.
C)   Identical twins reared apart are about as similar to each other on aspects of their personality, interests, and social attitudes as fraternal twins reared apart.
D)   Identical twins reared apart are about as similar to each other on aspects of their personality, interests, and social attitudes as identical twins reared together.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which type of research is helpful in clarifying the interaction of genes and environment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Studies that incorporate an experimental design.
B)   Studies comparing identical and nonidentical twins.
C)   Studies comparing parents and their children.
D)   Studies involving ethnographic data collection.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Puberty is triggered by the action of certain genes and its individual timing is in part inherited.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When we say that a trait is deeply canalized, we mean that

Accepted Answer

A)   the gene that controls this trait can be expected to produce a wide range of possible developmental outcomes.
B)   this trait will always be passed along to a person's children and appear in their phenotype.
C)   we will see the expected developmental outcome from that gene under all but the most extreme conditions.
D)   the trait is very easily influenced by environmental conditions and life circumstances.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

If a boy has a gene that produces low levels of MAO-A and has experienced child abuse, they are less likely to behave aggressively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Define epigenetics and give two examples of research that has shown how epigenetics functions in humans.

Accepted Answer

Epigenetics is the study of changes in g...

Question 15

We first understood the exact process that underlies genetic transmission when

Accepted Answer

A)   James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the secrets of genetic structure and function.
B)   Ivan Pavlov described the principles of classical conditioning.
C)   Gregor Mendel published a paper on the transmission of genetic information from generation to generation.
D)   Francis Galton expanded upon Darwin's theory of evolution.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Behavioral genetics involves research designed to

Accepted Answer

A)   identify genetic abnormalities before birth.
B)   study genes at the molecular level.
C)   describe the genetic basis for behaviors.
D)   map the genes in the human genome.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

The research conducted on alcoholism in identical and fraternal twins has found that

Accepted Answer

A)   there was no difference between identical and fraternal twins in the age at which they began drinking, how much they drank, and whether or not they became problem drinkers.
B)   there was no difference between identical and fraternal twins in the age at which they began drinking, but identical twins were more similar in the amount they drank and the risk of becoming a problem drinker.
C)   identical twins began drinking on average at a younger age than fraternal twins, but there was no difference between identical and fraternal twins in the amount they eventually drank or their risk of becoming problem drinkers.
D)   identical twins began drinking at a younger age than fraternal twins, drank more and were more likely to eventually develop a problem with drinking.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Chromosomes are made up of __________, and they, in turn, are made up of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   genes; DNA
B)   DNA molecules; RNA
C)   DNA molecules; genes
D)   genes; proteinsE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

A couple in which each partner has brown eyes still can have a child with blue eyes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

As a woman gets older, she becomes more likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)   monozygotic twins.
B)   male twins.
C)   dizygotic twins.
D)   female twins.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 4: How Children Develop: Nature Through Nurture

Which type of research is helpful in clarifying the interaction of genes and environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do we know about the similarities and differences regarding identical twins from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conditions such as depression, alcoholism, or schizophrenia

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sickle-cell anemia is a condition in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The research conducted on alcoholism in identical and fraternal twins has found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chromosomes are made up of __________, and they, in turn, are made up of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we say that a trait is deeply canalized, we mean that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a boy has a gene that produces low levels of MAO-A and has experienced child abuse, they are less likely to behave aggressively.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we say that a child looks just like his father, we are referring to the child's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We first understood the exact process that underlies genetic transmission when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Puberty is triggered by the action of certain genes and its individual timing is in part inherited.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A conception that has one X and one Y chromosome in the 23rd position will become an individual who

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Girls who grow up in households without a father present are more likely to go through puberty at a younger age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define epigenetics and give two examples of research that has shown how epigenetics functions in humans.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIEpigenetics is the study of changes in g...View AnswerShow Answer

Behavioral genetics involves research designed to

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A couple in which each partner has brown eyes still can have a child with blue eyes.

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Identifying how a particular gene works inside a cell is the primary goal of

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Canalization is the

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Why do researchers want to discover which traits and behaviors are highly likely to develop from genetic input?

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As a woman gets older, she becomes more likely to have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Chromosomes are made up of , and they, in turn, are made up of .

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Epigenetics is the study of changes in g...
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