A) loss-leader pricing.
B) surplus marketing.
C) dumping.
D) second-market pricing.
E) entrepreneurial pricing.
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Multiple Choice
A) licensing
B) exporting
C) direct investment
D) joint venture
E) cooperative
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Multiple Choice
A) North America,Central America,and South America.
B) the United States and the European Union.
C) member countries originally from NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) .
D) the United States,Canada,and Mexico.
E) the United States,Canada,and the United Kingdom.
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Multiple Choice
A) the belief that all products that are foreign made are cheap and of poor quality.
B) the belief that one should only purchase products made by indigenous groups in developing countries.
C) the belief that all corporations are corrupt and consumers must look out for themselves.
D) the tendency to believe that the only products that are of true quality are those that are manufactured in one's own country.
E) the tendency to believe it is inappropriate,even immoral,to purchase foreign-made products.
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Multiple Choice
A) joint venture and licensing
B) licensing and exporting
C) licensing and joint venture
D) direct investment and licensing
E) exporting and direct investment
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Multiple Choice
A) tariffs.
B) quotas.
C) WTO taxes.
D) foreign excise taxes.
E) trade subsidies.
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Multiple Choice
A) product extension strategy
B) product adaptation strategy
C) dual adaptation strategy
D) product invention strategy
E) communication adaptation strategy
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Multiple Choice
A) custom.
B) value.
C) demographic pattern.
D) belief.
E) idiosyncrasy.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) tariff avoidance.
B) countertrade.
C) surplus marketing.
D) underbidding.
E) dumping.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) tariff
B) trade imbalance
C) excise tax
D) subsidy
E) quota
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Multiple Choice
A) economic infrastructure.
B) trade barriers.
C) universal codes.
D) binding requirements.
E) targets for bribery.
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Multiple Choice
A) the segment of products specifically designed for the need of older buyers.
B) a once active and powerful market that is rapidly becoming the bottom of the barrel.
C) a situation where products are sold through unauthorized channels of distribution.
D) a pricing structure that is based upon haggling that is considered acceptable in some countries but not others.
E) the willingness of one party to accept gifts in exchange for better prices or price allowances.
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Multiple Choice
A) American companies in Germany encourage the use of all types of credit cards.
B) In Brazil,American companies are extremely careful to keep to a strict agenda and time schedule,even though an informal structure is preferred.
C) Bath products are advertised by portraying intimate scenes between husbands and wives in countries where personal privacy is important.
D) McDonald's restaurants in India sell the Maharaja Mac rather than beef products.
E) Vogue Italia published a feature with a model wearing "slave earrings," which it said were "worn by women of color during the slave trade."
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Multiple Choice
A) product extension
B) product customization
C) product adaptation
D) product invention
E) product integration
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Multiple Choice
A) a quota.
B) countertrade.
C) balance of trade.
D) competitive advantage.
E) a trade feedback effect.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) A global brand has centrally coordinated marketing programs.
B) A global brand is marketed under different names but uses identical ads for all markets.
C) A global brand alters the product formulation or service for each geographical region.
D) A global brand delivers varying benefits based on the GDP of each country.
E) A global brand is a collaborative effort among several different transnational firms.
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Essay
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