Question 1

Behavioral genetics,the evolutionary approach,and Eysenck's theory all approach the study of personality from the

Accepted Answer

A)   scientific perspective.
B)   psychodynamic perspective.
C)   biological perspective.
D)   behavioral perspective.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

The American cultural conception of self results in children

Accepted Answer

A)   developing an independent view of the self and defining themselves in terms of the groups they belong to.
B)   developing an independent view of the self and defining themselves in terms of personal attributes.
C)   developing an interdependent view of the self and defining themselves in terms of the groups they belong to.
D)   developing an interdependent view of the self and defining themselves in terms of personal attributes.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Fourteen-year-old Jessica knows she has made some bad choices at times,and these choices have gotten her into serious trouble on a number of occasions.However,she is confident that her parents love her,in spite of her mistakes.Based on the theory developed by Carl Rogers,Jessica perceives her parents' affection as

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditional, and she is likely to develop incongruence in her self-concept.
B)   conditional, and she is likely to develop congruence in her self-concept.
C)   unconditional, and she is likely to develop congruence in her self-concept.
D)   conditional, and she is likely to develop incongruence in her self-concept.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The hindsight bias is also known as the ____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)   "I knew it all along"
B)   "No pain, no gain"
C)   "Opposites attract"
D)   "Everyone else is crazy"E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

While cleaning up after her party last night,Angela forgot to put the leftover crab dip in the refrigerator.When she discovered the now spoiled dip in the morning,Angela said she didn't mind having to throw it out because it wasn't that good anyway.MOST likely,Angela is using

Accepted Answer

A)   reaction formation.
B)   repression.
C)   rationalization.
D)   regression.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

_____________ is a personality trait marked by an inflated sense of self worth and a tendency to exploit other people.

Accepted Answer

A)   Extraversion
B)   Sadism
C)   Narcissism
D)   Mortality salienceE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 7

According to the Featured Study,people from ___________ cultures seem to have greater self-insight than people from other cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)   individualistic
B)   collectivisitic
C)   Western
D)   independentE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

Modern personality research tends to focus on specific traits.Psychologists have moved away from attempting to develop "grand theories" of personality such as those of the psychodynamic and humanistic theorists.Why do you think this has occurred? Do you think the trend toward "mini-theories" that focus on specific personality traits is the best way to advance our understanding of personality?

Accepted Answer

A good approach to answering this questi...

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a weakness associated with self-report inventories?

Accepted Answer

A)   inconsistent scoring
B)   social desirability bias
C)   response sets
D)   deliberate deceptionE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

In contrast to Bandura,B.F.Skinner advocates the principle of reciprocal determinism.He argues that not only does the environment determine behavior; behavior determines the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following criticisms can be leveled against BOTH the psychoanalytic approach and the humanistic approach to personality?

Accepted Answer

A)   poor testability
B)   too deterministic
C)   overemphasis on the influence of early childhood experiences
D)   provide a fragmented view of personalityE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Defense mechanisms combat feelings of anxiety and guilt

Accepted Answer

A)   through self-deception.
B)   through rational problem solving.
C)   by enhancing self-insight.
D)   by making unconscious urges conscious.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Dr.Jack assumes that humans share an evolutionary heritage with other animals that includes instinctive drift drive for self preservation,but unlike animals humans have also evolved complex cognitive abilities that permit self-awareness.Dr.Jack's views are similar to the view of personality put forward by the

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary perspective.
B)   behavioral perspective.
C)   terror management theory.
D)   humanistic theory.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Briefly describe the research into behavioral genetics and personality and its conclusions and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the biological approach to personality.

Accepted Answer

Biological theories stress the genetic o...

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding hindsight bias is LEAST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   The hindsight bias occurs in many different settings.
B)   Hindsight bias appears to be pervasive in everyday analyses of personality.
C)   Hindsight bias is generally restricted to thinking about issues related to personality.
D)   The notion of hindsight bias has been raised in criticisms of psychoanalytic theory.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Julio is extremely dependable and productive,and his friends think he is great at organizing events.Based on the five-factor model of personality,Julio would probably score

Accepted Answer

A)   high in agreeableness.
B)   low in neuroticism.
C)   high in conscientiousness.
D)   high in openness.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Alan has always done poorly in his math courses; he must take a statistics course next term to graduate.He is not confident he will do well in the statistics course and is very nervous about taking the course.In this example,Alan shows evidence of having

Accepted Answer

A)   high incongruence with respect to math.
B)   low self-efficacy in math.
C)   high self-efficacy in math.
D)   a mathematical neurosis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Eysenck's theory of personality is based on all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   basic personality traits
B)   differences in physiological functioning
C)   differences in basic needs
D)   differences in ease of conditioningE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Observational learning and self-efficacy are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   Roger's person-centered theory.
B)   Bandura's social cognitive theory.
C)   Jung's analytical theory.
D)   Mischel's person-situation approach.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Assume that personality researchers have isolated a new trait they called "prajna." If these researchers report that fraternal twins reared together are more similar in this trait than identical twins reared apart,it would indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)   genetics has a larger influence than environment in the expression of prajna.
B)   neither genetics nor environment influences the expression of prajna.
C)   environment has a larger influence than genetics in the expression of prajna.
D)   genetics and environment exert equivalent influences in the expression of prajna.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 12: Personality

Which of the following is NOT a weakness associated with self-report inventories?

Correct Answer
verified

_____________ is a personality trait marked by an inflated sense of self worth and a tendency to exploit other people.

Correct Answer
verified

Julio is extremely dependable and productive,and his friends think he is great at organizing events.Based on the five-factor model of personality,Julio would probably score

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A good approach to answering this questi...
View Answer

While cleaning up after her party last night,Angela forgot to put the leftover crab dip in the refrigerator.When she discovered the now spoiled dip in the morning,Angela said she didn't mind having to throw it out because it wasn't that good anyway.MOST likely,Angela is using

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following criticisms can be leveled against BOTH the psychoanalytic approach and the humanistic approach to personality?

Correct Answer
verified

Behavioral genetics,the evolutionary approach,and Eysenck's theory all approach the study of personality from the

Correct Answer
verified

Eysenck's theory of personality is based on all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements regarding hindsight bias is LEAST accurate?

Correct Answer
verified

Alan has always done poorly in his math courses; he must take a statistics course next term to graduate.He is not confident he will do well in the statistics course and is very nervous about taking the course.In this example,Alan shows evidence of having

Correct Answer
verified

The American cultural conception of self results in children

Correct Answer
verified

Observational learning and self-efficacy are associated with

Correct Answer
verified

Defense mechanisms combat feelings of anxiety and guilt

Correct Answer
verified

Briefly describe the research into behavioral genetics and personality and its conclusions and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the biological approach to personality.

Correct Answer
verified
Biological theories stress the genetic o...
View Answer

The hindsight bias is also known as the ____ effect.

Correct Answer
verified

Assume that personality researchers have isolated a new trait they called "prajna." If these researchers report that fraternal twins reared together are more similar in this trait than identical twins reared apart,it would indicate that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In contrast to Bandura,B.F.Skinner advocates the principle of reciprocal determinism.He argues that not only does the environment determine behavior; behavior determines the environment.

Correct Answer
verified

According to the Featured Study,people from ___________ cultures seem to have greater self-insight than people from other cultures.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: Personality

Which of the following is NOT a weakness associated with self-report inventories?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____________ is a personality trait marked by an inflated sense of self worth and a tendency to exploit other people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Julio is extremely dependable and productive,and his friends think he is great at organizing events.Based on the five-factor model of personality,Julio would probably score

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA good approach to answering this questi...View AnswerShow Answer

While cleaning up after her party last night,Angela forgot to put the leftover crab dip in the refrigerator.When she discovered the now spoiled dip in the morning,Angela said she didn't mind having to throw it out because it wasn't that good anyway.MOST likely,Angela is using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following criticisms can be leveled against BOTH the psychoanalytic approach and the humanistic approach to personality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behavioral genetics,the evolutionary approach,and Eysenck's theory all approach the study of personality from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eysenck's theory of personality is based on all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding hindsight bias is LEAST accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alan has always done poorly in his math courses; he must take a statistics course next term to graduate.He is not confident he will do well in the statistics course and is very nervous about taking the course.In this example,Alan shows evidence of having

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The American cultural conception of self results in children

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Observational learning and self-efficacy are associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Defense mechanisms combat feelings of anxiety and guilt

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the research into behavioral genetics and personality and its conclusions and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the biological approach to personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedBiological theories stress the genetic o...View AnswerShow Answer

The hindsight bias is also known as the ____ effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Assume that personality researchers have isolated a new trait they called "prajna." If these researchers report that fraternal twins reared together are more similar in this trait than identical twins reared apart,it would indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contrast to Bandura,B.F.Skinner advocates the principle of reciprocal determinism.He argues that not only does the environment determine behavior; behavior determines the environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Featured Study,people from ___________ cultures seem to have greater self-insight than people from other cultures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A good approach to answering this questi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Biological theories stress the genetic o...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified