Question 1

If an E. coli bacterium were to have a protein with the correct amino acid sequence, but not the correct shape, which of the following is a logical explanation for what could be wrong?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peptide bonds were not able to form between the amino acids.
B)  The shape-coding region of the DNA sequence related to this protein is mutated.
C)  The chaperone protein associated with protein folding is not functional.
D)  An error in transcription occurred.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

If you were to sequence the genome of two individuals and found that their DNA is 99.9% similar, what inference could you make?

Accepted Answer

A)  These two individuals must be siblings.
B)  These individuals are likely identical twins.
C)  These individuals must be from different species.
D)  No inferences could be made because 99.9% of DNA is shared between all humans.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

All of the genetic information in a cell is a genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A example of genetic change is the presence of certain DNA sequences occurring in different numbers of copies in different individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

If the DNA triplet ACA mutates to GCA, then the encoded amino acid changes from ________ to ________.

Accepted Answer

cysteine; arginine
c...

Question 6

The term anabolic metabolism refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  biochemical reactions that synthesize compounds.
B)  all processes required to maintain life.
C)  biochemical reactions that break down compounds.
D)  biochemical reactions that release energy from nutrients.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  The assembly of the cell membrane from precursor molecules
B)  The increase in muscle tissue with exercise
C)  The formation of secretory proteins in the pancreas
D)  The breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm and mitochondriaE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

The part of the tRNA that binds mRNA is the anticodon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following would not be considered a mutagen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethidium bromide, a chemical that binds directly to DNA and deforms the double helix
B)  X-rays, which can break the bonds in DNA molecules
C)  Nitrous acid, which can convert cytosine to uracil
D)  Flavonoids, a family of compounds which can remove free radicals from cellsE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is not a characteristic of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They speed up the rate of chemical reactions but are not used up in the process.
B)  Most are proteins.
C)  They are most active at temperatures above 53 degrees C.
D)  They have active sites and interact with specific substrates.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

DNA profiling

Accepted Answer

A)  sequences the entire genomes of criminals.
B)  sequences genes that cause disease.
C)  compares the most variable parts of the genome for a variety of applications.
D)  analyzes 64 highly variable regions of the human genome.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Dehydration synthesis reactions ________ , whereas hydrolysis reactions ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lose H₂O as bonds are broken; use H₂O to form bonds
B)  break large molecules into smaller ones; build large molecules from smaller ones
C)  use H₂O to form bonds; lose H₂O as bonds are broken
D)  lose H₂O as bonds are formed; use H₂O to break bondsE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

One reason why protein synthesis is important is

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes are proteins and enzymes are essential to metabolism.
B)  proteins release energy for metabolic reactions.
C)  proteins encode DNA sequences.
D)  the diet does not provide the building blocks of protein.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Humans require vitamins in their diets because these nutrients

Accepted Answer

A)  provide energy.
B)  are broken down by catabolic reactions.
C)  bond with minerals.
D)  act as coenzymes.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Codons are three contiguous mRNA bases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The metabolome includes

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the genes that encode protein in the genome.
B)  the DNA that does not encode protein in the genome.
C)  all of the small molecules that are part of metabolism.
D)  all of the enzymes that take part in aerobic respiration.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Phospholipids are critical structures in cell membranes and are therefore enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration begin with the process of ________ , in which glucose is broken down.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration begin with...

Question 19

Exposure to UV radiation can cause changes in DNA and can therefore be considered a mutagen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration take place in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm.
B)  mitochondria.
C)  nucleus.
D)  ribosomes.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 4: Cellular Metabolism

The term anabolic metabolism refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dehydration synthesis reactions ________ , whereas hydrolysis reactions ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The metabolome includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A example of genetic change is the presence of certain DNA sequences occurring in different numbers of copies in different individuals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would not be considered a mutagen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the genetic information in a cell is a genome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the tRNA that binds mRNA is the anticodon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were to sequence the genome of two individuals and found that their DNA is 99.9% similar, what inference could you make?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of catabolism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One reason why protein synthesis is important is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration take place in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Codons are three contiguous mRNA bases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an E. coli bacterium were to have a protein with the correct amino acid sequence, but not the correct shape, which of the following is a logical explanation for what could be wrong?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phospholipids are critical structures in cell membranes and are therefore enzymes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exposure to UV radiation can cause changes in DNA and can therefore be considered a mutagen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the DNA triplet ACA mutates to GCA, then the encoded amino acid changes from ________ to ________.

Correct Answerverifiedcysteine; argininec...View AnswerShow Answer

Anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration begin with the process of ________ , in which glucose is broken down.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA profiling

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans require vitamins in their diets because these nutrients

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Dehydration synthesis reactions , whereas hydrolysis reactions .

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If the DNA triplet ACA mutates to GCA, then the encoded amino acid changes from to .

Correct Answer
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cysteine; arginine
c...
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