Question 1

The resting cell membrane is more permeable to which ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium
B)  Sodium
C)  Calcium
D)  MagnesiumE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

A myelinated nerve fiber is ________, whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gray, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; white, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
B)  white, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; gray, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
C)  white, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord; gray, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord
D)  white, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; red, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cordE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The brain and spinal cord comprise the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In order for a severed peripheral nerve to regenerate and recover its original function, nerve fibers must sprout and enter tubes formed by

Accepted Answer

A)  basement membranes and connective tissues.
B)  former axons.
C)  myelin.
D)  nodes of Ranvier.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

A(n)________ is the junction between neurons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)________ is the junction between neurons....

Question 6

Myelin

Accepted Answer

A)  is released from a neuron and travels to another neuron.
B)  consists of layers of lipids and proteins that wrap around an axon.
C)  is produced in response to bacterial infection.
D)  is a form of chromatophilic substance that fills Schwann cells.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Neural stem cells can be harvested from autopsies and stored, alive, in banks, whereas neurons cannot, because

Accepted Answer

A)  people do not will them to science.
B)  neural stem cells have lower oxygen and energy requirements than neurons.
C)  neural stem cells have higher oxygen and energy requirements than neurons.
D)  neural stem cells have more globular shapes than neurons.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

A drug that functions as an agonist

Accepted Answer

A)  activates a receptor, helping a neurotransmitter bind or triggering an action potential in some other way.
B)  causes great pain if taken in too high a dose.
C)  blocks a receptor so that the neurotransmitter cannot bind.
D)  relieves pain.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

A positive feedback loop occurs when the outcome of an event causes the event to continue occurring and amplifies its effects. Which of the following aspects of an action potential constitutes a positive feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

A)  An initial flow of sodium ions into the neuron opens voltage-gated sodium channels, rapidly causing more sodium to enter.
B)  Opening of voltage-gated sodium channels causes voltage-gated potassium channels to open and release potassium to the extracellular environment, slowly counteracting sodium influx.
C)  The sodium-potassium pump exactly balances ion leaks by pumping three sodium and two potassium ions across the membrane.
D)  The threshold potential is around -55mV.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is unique to neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi apparatus
B)  Chromatophilic substance
C)  Mitochondrion
D)  LysosomeE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

A test organism develops a genetic mutation that causes neurons to develop without synaptic knobs. How will this impact neuronal function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Signal transduction down the axon will be interrupted, so the signal will not "jump" the synapse and reach the postsynaptic neuron.
B)  The dendrites of the postsynaptic neurons will have no means to attach to presynaptic axons.
C)  No neurotransmitters will be released into the synapse to signal the postsynaptic neuron, as the synaptic knob is where they are stored.
D)  Action potentials will not travel down the axon nearly as rapidly.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

The dendrites of a neuron interact with several different axon terminals. Some of them are sending excitatory signals, while others are sending inhibitory signals. Over the course of the effects of these signals, the neuronal membrane potential reaches around -90mV. This means, overall, that the neuron will be

Accepted Answer

A)  excited enough to easily cross threshold and generate an action potential.
B)  excited, but not enough to cross threshold.
C)  stabilized to remain at resting potential.
D)  inhibited from generating action potentials.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Because the response of a nerve fiber is all-or-none, a greater intensity of stimulus does not produce a stronger impulse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A reason that the axons in the CNS and PNS differ in their ability to regenerate after injury is that

Accepted Answer

A)  axons of the CNS lack myelin.
B)  axons of the CNS lack neurilemmae.
C)  peripheral nerves lack Schwann cells.
D)  peripheral nerves lack endoneurium.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 15

The nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)  provides a support system for the body.
B)  controls the movement of muscles.
C)  contracts and generates a force to cause bodily motion.
D)  provides nutrients and nourishment for surrounding cells.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

What is the correct sequence of events along an axon that follows a membrane reaching threshold potential? 1. The membrane depolarizes.
2)  Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward.
3)  The membrane repolarizes.
4)  Potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward.

Accepted Answer

A)  3, 2, 4, 1
B)  2, 1, 4, 3
C)  1, 2, 4, 3
D)  4, 1, 3, 2E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Enkephalins are neuropeptides.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Neurotransmitters that are modified amino acids are

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
B)  enkephalins, endorphins, and substance P.
C)  aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and GABA.
D)  potassium, sodium, and calcium ions.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The cytoplasmic extensions that, together with the cell body, provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are

Accepted Answer

A)  neurofibrils.
B)  chromatophilic substance (Nissl bodies) .
C)  axons.
D)  dendrites.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

A neuron in the aorta detects oxygen content in the blood and relays this information to the brain. This neuron is a ________ of the ________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  effector; afferent
B)  effector; efferent
C)  sensory receptor; afferent
D)  sensory receptor; efferentE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Exam 10: Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

A test organism develops a genetic mutation that causes neurons to develop without synaptic knobs. How will this impact neuronal function?

Correct Answer
verified

A reason that the axons in the CNS and PNS differ in their ability to regenerate after injury is that

Correct Answer
verified

A positive feedback loop occurs when the outcome of an event causes the event to continue occurring and amplifies its effects. Which of the following aspects of an action potential constitutes a positive feedback loop?

Correct Answer
verified

The brain and spinal cord comprise the central nervous system.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is unique to neurons?

Correct Answer
verified

A(n)________ is the junction between neurons.

Correct Answer
verified

In order for a severed peripheral nerve to regenerate and recover its original function, nerve fibers must sprout and enter tubes formed by

Correct Answer
verified

A myelinated nerve fiber is , whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is .

Correct Answer
verified

The nervous system

Correct Answer
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The resting cell membrane is more permeable to which ion?

Correct Answer
verified

Neurotransmitters that are modified amino acids are

Correct Answer
verified

Neural stem cells can be harvested from autopsies and stored, alive, in banks, whereas neurons cannot, because

Correct Answer
verified

Myelin

Correct Answer
verified

A neuron in the aorta detects oxygen content in the blood and relays this information to the brain. This neuron is a of the pathway.

Correct Answer
verified

Enkephalins are neuropeptides.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A drug that functions as an agonist

Correct Answer
verified

The cytoplasmic extensions that, together with the cell body, provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are

Correct Answer
verified

What is the correct sequence of events along an axon that follows a membrane reaching threshold potential? 1. The membrane depolarizes. 2) Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward. 3) The membrane repolarizes. 4) Potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward.

Correct Answer
verified

Because the response of a nerve fiber is all-or-none, a greater intensity of stimulus does not produce a stronger impulse.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

A test organism develops a genetic mutation that causes neurons to develop without synaptic knobs. How will this impact neuronal function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reason that the axons in the CNS and PNS differ in their ability to regenerate after injury is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A positive feedback loop occurs when the outcome of an event causes the event to continue occurring and amplifies its effects. Which of the following aspects of an action potential constitutes a positive feedback loop?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain and spinal cord comprise the central nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is unique to neurons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n)________ is the junction between neurons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for a severed peripheral nerve to regenerate and recover its original function, nerve fibers must sprout and enter tubes formed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A myelinated nerve fiber is ________, whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nervous system

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The resting cell membrane is more permeable to which ion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurotransmitters that are modified amino acids are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neural stem cells can be harvested from autopsies and stored, alive, in banks, whereas neurons cannot, because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myelin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A neuron in the aorta detects oxygen content in the blood and relays this information to the brain. This neuron is a ________ of the ________ pathway.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enkephalins are neuropeptides.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A drug that functions as an agonist

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cytoplasmic extensions that, together with the cell body, provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct sequence of events along an axon that follows a membrane reaching threshold potential? 1. The membrane depolarizes. 2) Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward. 3) The membrane repolarizes. 4) Potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because the response of a nerve fiber is all-or-none, a greater intensity of stimulus does not produce a stronger impulse.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A myelinated nerve fiber is , whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is .

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A neuron in the aorta detects oxygen content in the blood and relays this information to the brain. This neuron is a of the pathway.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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