Question 1

Diabetes mellitus, in which fatty acids react to produce ketone bodies, leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis.
B)  respiratory alkalosis.
C)  metabolic acidosis.
D)  metabolic alkalosis.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

A county fair held a water-drinking contest where people competed to see who could drink the most water in a set amount of time. During the competition, a man drank three gallons of water in under an hour and a half. Unfortunately, this killed him several hours after he won the competition. What killed the man?

Accepted Answer

A)  He consumed an amount of water that his body could not use. His body responded by trying to get rid of some of the water through respiratory perspiration, and he drowned.
B)  The increase in water content stimulated his body to secrete lethal amounts of aldosterone.
C)  The concentration of sodium in his body tripled and caused his nervous system to stop working.
D)  His electrolytes became incredibly diluted, causing water to rush into cells and make them burst.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following most closely represents the percentage of water by weight in an adult male?

Accepted Answer

A)  35%
B)  45%
C)  55%
D)  65%E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

An arterial blood pH below 7.35 is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An arterial blood pH below 7.35 is...

Question 5

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are secreted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Dehydration can be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive water intake.
B)  prolonged sleep deprivation.
C)  prolonged vomiting or prolonged diarrhea.
D)  obstruction of airways.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

You never feel thirsty even though your body frequently becomes dehydrated. Your doctor suspects that the problem might be an imbalance or abnormality in your brain. The doctor will want to do neuroimaging of your

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus.
B)  hypothalamus.
C)  midbrain.
D)  medulla oblongata.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 8

What is water of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water that a person drinks after exercising
B)  Water that is in food
C)  A by-product of the oxidative metabolism of nutrients
D)  Water consumed in beveragesE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

A person is experiencing severe heartburn. To compensate for their pain, they take 9 sodium bicarbonate-based antacids, which is more than triple the recommended dosage. Which of the following is NOT a way the body can compensate to react to the pH-related condition this overdose will produce?

Accepted Answer

A)  The kidneys reabsorb hydrogen ions and decrease their secretion into the urine.
B)  The respiratory centers will cause an increased breathing rate and depth to release CO₂.
C)  Dihydrogen phosphate in the extracellular environments will dissociate to release H⁺ ions.
D)  In the blood, amino acid chains of structures like hemoglobin will release H⁺ ions from -COOH and -NH₃⁺ groups.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Addison disease is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone deficiency and loss of extracellular sodium.
B)  aldosterone deficiency and gain of extracellular sodium.
C)  aldosterone excess and loss of extracellular sodium.
D)  aldosterone excess and gain of extracellular sodium.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The part of the brain that helps regulate hydrogen ion concentrations is the ________ center.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The part of the brain that helps...

Question 12

Baby Britney develops a respiratory infection in both lungs. The infection causes an accumulation of fluid in her alveoli. Which of the following conditions will occur as a result?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory acidosis
B)  Respiratory alkalosis
C)  Metabolic acidosis
D)  Metabolic alkalosisE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Parathyroid hormone increases phosphate reabsorption from the renal tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Effects of hypokalemia include

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle weakness.
B)  acne.
C)  sweating.
D)  diabetes.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

A buffer system in blood involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the chloride shift through the cell membranes.
B)  deoxyhemoglobin generated in white blood cells.
C)  phosphate buffer in the renal system.
D)  hemoglobin binding hydrogen ions in red blood cells.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

An important stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing potassium ion concentration.
B)  decreasing potassium ion concentration.
C)  increasing sodium ion concentration.
D)  increasing calcium ion concentration.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

A county fair held a water-drinking contest where people competed to see who could drink the most water in a set amount of time. During the competition, a man drank three gallons of water in under an hour and a half. Unfortunately, this killed him several hours after he won the competition. The excessive water intake caused him to develop water intoxication, in which the electrolyte imbalance called ________ occurred.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A county fair held a water-drinking contest...

Question 18

Which of the following metabolic processes releases hydrogen ions to body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis
B)  Aerobic respiration of glucose
C)  Production of carbonic acid
D)  Monohydrogen phosphate ions converting into dihydrogen phosphateE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Marielle is very thirsty following her tennis game. She drinks for a few minutes, then stops. The stimulus to stop drinking comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  distension of her stomach.
B)  hormones secreted by stomach cells.
C)  changes in intracellular fluid concentration.
D)  changes in extracellular fluid concentration.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Sam has had two large bottles of water to drink today, about 1,500mL of water in total. He is concerned that he hasn't consumed the recommended average amount of water intake for the day. He should reach the daily average as long as he

Accepted Answer

A)  tries not to urinate that day.
B)  eats food containing at least 750mL of water.
C)  stays out of the sun and doesn't sweat at all.
D)  drinks another 250mL of water.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 21: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Effects of hypokalemia include

Correct Answer
verified

Baby Britney develops a respiratory infection in both lungs. The infection causes an accumulation of fluid in her alveoli. Which of the following conditions will occur as a result?

Correct Answer
verified

Sam has had two large bottles of water to drink today, about 1,500mL of water in total. He is concerned that he hasn't consumed the recommended average amount of water intake for the day. He should reach the daily average as long as he

Correct Answer
verified

Parathyroid hormone increases phosphate reabsorption from the renal tubules.

Correct Answer
verified

A buffer system in blood involves

Correct Answer
verified

Addison disease is characterized by

Correct Answer
verified

A person is experiencing severe heartburn. To compensate for their pain, they take 9 sodium bicarbonate-based antacids, which is more than triple the recommended dosage. Which of the following is NOT a way the body can compensate to react to the pH-related condition this overdose will produce?

Correct Answer
verified

The part of the brain that helps regulate hydrogen ion concentrations is the ________ center.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following most closely represents the percentage of water by weight in an adult male?

Correct Answer
verified

What is water of metabolism?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Marielle is very thirsty following her tennis game. She drinks for a few minutes, then stops. The stimulus to stop drinking comes from

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following metabolic processes releases hydrogen ions to body fluids?

Correct Answer
verified

An arterial blood pH below 7.35 is called ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are secreted.

Correct Answer
verified

You never feel thirsty even though your body frequently becomes dehydrated. Your doctor suspects that the problem might be an imbalance or abnormality in your brain. The doctor will want to do neuroimaging of your

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Diabetes mellitus, in which fatty acids react to produce ketone bodies, leads to

Correct Answer
verified

Dehydration can be caused by

Correct Answer
verified

An important stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 21: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Effects of hypokalemia include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Britney develops a respiratory infection in both lungs. The infection causes an accumulation of fluid in her alveoli. Which of the following conditions will occur as a result?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sam has had two large bottles of water to drink today, about 1,500mL of water in total. He is concerned that he hasn't consumed the recommended average amount of water intake for the day. He should reach the daily average as long as he

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone increases phosphate reabsorption from the renal tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A buffer system in blood involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Addison disease is characterized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person is experiencing severe heartburn. To compensate for their pain, they take 9 sodium bicarbonate-based antacids, which is more than triple the recommended dosage. Which of the following is NOT a way the body can compensate to react to the pH-related condition this overdose will produce?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the brain that helps regulate hydrogen ion concentrations is the ________ center.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following most closely represents the percentage of water by weight in an adult male?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is water of metabolism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marielle is very thirsty following her tennis game. She drinks for a few minutes, then stops. The stimulus to stop drinking comes from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following metabolic processes releases hydrogen ions to body fluids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An arterial blood pH below 7.35 is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are secreted.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You never feel thirsty even though your body frequently becomes dehydrated. Your doctor suspects that the problem might be an imbalance or abnormality in your brain. The doctor will want to do neuroimaging of your

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diabetes mellitus, in which fatty acids react to produce ketone bodies, leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dehydration can be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An important stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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