Question 1

The parts of an amino acid that are important in the protein buffer system are the

Accepted Answer

A)  amino and R groups.
B)  amino and carboxyl groups.
C)  monocarbonate and bicarbonate groups.
D)  monohydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate groups.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Intracellular fluids have high concentrations of

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride and potassium ions.
B)  sodium and phosphate ions.
C)  potassium and phosphate ions.
D)  sodium and chloride ions.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following body compartments is correctly matched with its location in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intracellular:all fluids outside cells
B)  Extracellular:fluid in tissue spaces, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels
C)  Extracellular:fluid in cells
D)  Transcellular:between the lipid layers of cell membranesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Water balance and electrolyte balance are interdependent because

Accepted Answer

A)  water dissolves in electrolytes.
B)  water and electrolytes are both in an ionic state in the blood.
C)  both form ions in blood.
D)  electrolytes are dissolved in water.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Alkalosis is a condition in which the pH of arterial blood is

Accepted Answer

A)  below 7.35.
B)  above 7.35.
C)  below 7.45.
D)  above 7.45.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The thirst mechanism is usually not triggered until the volume of the body water has been decreased by 5-10%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The hormone ADH is released from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Normally, fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries as a result of active transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Water intoxication is associated with which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoglycemia
B)  Hypocalcemia
C)  Hyponatremia
D)  HypoxiaE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 10

People who are at high risk for heatstroke include

Accepted Answer

A)  infants and people prone to fevers.
B)  people who have mice for pets.
C)  mountain climbers and elderly marathoners.
D)  athletes who exercise in high heat and soldiers in the desert.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid is regulated primarily by a hormone secreted by the ________ glands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular...

Question 12

When proteins can acts as a buffer system, their -COOH groups can accept H⁺ in the presence of excess acid, and their NH₃ groups can release H⁺ in the presence of excess base.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A strong acid is one that ________ and an example is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionizes more completely; H₂CO₃
B)  ionizes less completely; H₂SO₄
C)  releases less H⁺; H₃PO₄
D)  ionizes more completely; HClE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following is a physiological buffer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bicarbonate buffer
B)  Phosphate buffer
C)  Protein buffer
D)  Renal mechanismE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Baby Britney develops a respiratory infection in both lungs. The infection causes an accumulation of fluid in her alveoli. Which of the following describes a way her body will try to compensate for the pH-related condition she will develop?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease the breathing rate
B)  Reduce the gas exchange surface area
C)  Retain more H+ in the kidneys
D)  Increase rate and depth of breathingE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

Water intoxication causes

Accepted Answer

A)  low blood sodium.
B)  high blood sodium.
C)  low blood potassium.
D)  abnormal accumulation of extracellular fluid.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Prolonged vomiting, in which only the stomach contents are lost, leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis.
B)  respiratory alkalosis.
C)  metabolic acidosis.
D)  metabolic alkalosis.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

The movement of water between fluid compartments is regulated primarily by

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion and osmosis.
B)  hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure.
C)  pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
D)  active and passive transport.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Maxwell has just finished a brutal 10 kilometer run. His body has

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased production of carbonic acid and increased pH of body fluids.
B)  an increased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids.
C)  a decreased production of carbonic acid, and increased pH of body fluids.
D)  a decreased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Compared to the average adult male, the average adult female has

Accepted Answer

A)  more water and more adipose tissue.
B)  more water and less adipose tissue.
C)  less water and more adipose tissue.
D)  less water and less adipose tissue.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 21: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Which of the following is a physiological buffer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When proteins can acts as a buffer system, their -COOH groups can accept H⁺ in the presence of excess acid, and their NH₃ groups can release H⁺ in the presence of excess base.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormone ADH is released from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to the average adult male, the average adult female has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The movement of water between fluid compartments is regulated primarily by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A strong acid is one that ________ and an example is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid is regulated primarily by a hormone secreted by the ________ glands.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally, fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries as a result of active transport.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The parts of an amino acid that are important in the protein buffer system are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thirst mechanism is usually not triggered until the volume of the body water has been decreased by 5-10%.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who are at high risk for heatstroke include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Maxwell has just finished a brutal 10 kilometer run. His body has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water balance and electrolyte balance are interdependent because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Britney develops a respiratory infection in both lungs. The infection causes an accumulation of fluid in her alveoli. Which of the following describes a way her body will try to compensate for the pH-related condition she will develop?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prolonged vomiting, in which only the stomach contents are lost, leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following body compartments is correctly matched with its location in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intracellular fluids have high concentrations of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water intoxication causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water intoxication is associated with which condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alkalosis is a condition in which the pH of arterial blood is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A strong acid is one that and an example is .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified