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Which of the following products would have a fashion product life cycle curve?


A) high-top sneakers
B) parabolic skis
C) personal flotation devices
D) razor blades
E) hockey helmets

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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When a product reaches the decline stage of the product life cycle, a firm has two choices. One choice involves product deletion-dropping it from a firm's product line. The other is called __________, which retains the product in the product line but reduces marketing costs.


A) reaping
B) paring down
C) divesting
D) milking
E) harvesting

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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Any container in which a product is offered for sale and on which information is communicated is referred to as


A) a point-of-purchase display.
B) merchandising.
C) packaging.
D) a label.
E) a product bundle.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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All of the following are true about product line extensions except


A) this strategy can result in lower advertising and promotion costs.
B) a risk that comes with product line extensions is that sales of an extension may come at the expense of other items in the company's product line.
C) a product line extension raises the level of brand awareness.
D) line extensions work best when they provide incremental company revenue by taking sales away from competing brands.
E) product line extensions involve using a current brand name to enter a different product class.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Combining a corporate or family brand with a new brand to distinguish a part of its product line from others is referred to as


A) subbranding.
B) multibranding.
C) mixed branding.
D) private branding.
E) family branding.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The marketing of low-cost copies of popular brands not manufactured by the original producer is referred to as


A) brand cannibalization.
B) co-branding.
C) brand imitation.
D) product counterfeiting.
E) re-manufacturing.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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All of the following marketing actions can be used by a firm to counteract barriers to product adoption except


A) offering money-back guarantees.
B) targeting new consumers.
C) conducting demonstrations.
D) offering free samples.
E) providing extensive usage instructions.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A strategy of dropping a product from the product line during the decline stage of the product life cycle is referred to as


A) trimming.
B) elimination.
C) paring down.
D) deletion.
E) harvesting.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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When selecting a brand name, it should: (1) suggest product benefits; (2) be memorable, distinctive, and positive; (3) fit the company or product image; (4) __________; (5) be simple and emotional; and (6) have favorable phonetic and semantic associations in other languages.


A) never have a humorous connotation
B) be easy to spell and pronounce
C) be patented
D) not be easily imitated
E) have no legal or regulatory restrictions

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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When a company retains a product but reduces marketing costs, it is referred to as


A) skimming.
B) harvesting.
C) milking.
D) deletion.
E) divesting.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Warranties that assign responsibility for product deficiencies to the manufacturer are called __________ warranties.


A) guaranteed
B) quality control
C) implied
D) strict-liability
E) express

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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When Coca-Cola promoted Coke as a morning beverage for those consumers who don't drink coffee, it used a __________ strategy.


A) product modification
B) brand modification
C) market-product extension
D) diversification
E) market modification

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements regarding warranties is most accurate?


A) Limited-coverage warranties are required for all manufactured products but not for services.
B) Full warranties are required for all products and services regardless of the size of the firm.
C) Warranties protect consumers but have limited benefits to producers.
D) Brands with limited warranty coverage tend to receive less positive evaluations.
E) Warranties are relatively unimportant in light of product liability claims.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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The __________ stage of the product life cycle is characterized by rapid increases in sales.


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) harvest

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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One of the primary benefits of branding for consumers is that branding


A) identifies products of highest quality.
B) guarantees lowest prices.
C) makes decision making easier for consumers.
D) indicates that products have more features.
E) makes advertising unnecessary.

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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If a figure that depicts years and retail sales of digital music shows from 2007 to 2015 the sales were rising rapidly, this indicates that in 2007 digital music was in which stage of the product life cycle?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) harvest
E) decline

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Nike has successfully used __________ with its lines Air Jordan and Air Lebron.


A) family branding
B) subbranding
C) multiproduct branding
D) mixed branding
E) generic branding

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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Companies can choose from several different branding strategies. Companies such as Michelin with Michelin tires and Sears tires are using a __________ strategy.


A) retailer branding
B) multiproduct branding
C) multibranding
D) private branding
E) mixed branding

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Consider the four steps in the sequential process of building brand equity. The fourth and last step is to


A) elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning.
B) develop positive brand awareness.
C) reward loyal customer behavior.
D) establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers.
E) create a consumer-brand connection.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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The time a product can be stored before it spoils is referred to as its


A) product life cycle.
B) use-by date.
C) spoilage index.
D) shelf life.
E) expiration date.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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