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California's electricity crisis as illustrated in the chapter is partially explained by the fact that generators of electric power:


A) gain market power when demand increases.
B) gain market power when supply increases.
C) gain market power when demand decreases.
D) lose market power when demand increases.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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A firm with no competitors:


A) faces a perfectly inelastic demand curve.
B) faces a perfectly elastic demand curve.
C) still faces a downward-sloping demand curve.
D) has a perfectly elastic supply curve.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Typical evidence for the existence of market power would be market prices:


A) below production costs.
B) equal to production costs.
C) above production costs.
D) varying with market supply and demand conditions.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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California's electricity problems were NOT caused by:


A) government price floors that made the demand for electricity quite inelastic.
B) electricity generating companies exercising market power (i.e., restricting output in an effort to raise price and profit) .
C) the expiration of patent protection on special equipment used to produce hydro-generated electricity.
D) All of the answers are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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From an economist's perspective, what are the good and bad results associated with monopoly? Since patents are a source of monopoly power, should the government eliminate or reduce patent protection?

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Economists are not concerned about the h...

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Graphically show that a monopolist facing a market with a relatively inelastic demand curve will impose a higher markup than it will in a market with a relatively elastic demand curve. Explain this behavior using the "You can't take it with you" effect.

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blured image In both cases Q is set at the point whe...

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When a good has relatively few substitutes:


A) demand for the good is elastic.
B) monopolists will tend to increase their markup for the good.
C) monopolists will tend to decrease their markup for the good.
D) producers will be able to "steal" all of the consumer surplus from consumers.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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GlaxoSmithKline owns a government grant of temporary monopoly rights on the AIDS drug Combivir due to:


A) patents.
B) laws preventing entry of competitors.
C) economies of scale.
D) innovation.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is an example of a good with economies of scale?


A) fish oil pills sold in bulk
B) laptops with Internet access
C) dog grooming
D) autos

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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If the demand curve for a firm is a straight line with negative slope, which of the following is the shortcut to finding the MR?


A) The demand curve starts below the marginal revenue curve and cuts the marginal revenue curve halfway down its length.
B) The marginal revenue curve starts at the same point as the demand curve and has twice the slope of the demand curve.
C) The marginal revenue curve is parallel to the demand curve with the same slope.
D) The marginal revenue curve starts at the same point as the demand curve and has a slope of 0.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Generating electricity:


A) no longer requires a natural monopoly, but the transmission and distribution of electricity remains a natural monopoly.
B) requires a natural monopoly, along with the transmission and distribution of electricity.
C) requires a natural monopoly but not the transmission and distribution of electricity.
D) and the transmission and distribution of electricity are no longer natural monopolies.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Use the following to answer questions: Figure: Maximize Monopoly Profits Use the following to answer questions: Figure: Maximize Monopoly Profits   -(Figure: Maximize Monopoly Profits)  Refer to the figure. The monopolist will maximize its profit by charging a price equal to: A)  P<sub>1</sub>. B)  P<sub>2</sub>. C)  P<sub>3</sub>. D)  P<sub>4</sub>. -(Figure: Maximize Monopoly Profits) Refer to the figure. The monopolist will maximize its profit by charging a price equal to:


A) P1.
B) P2.
C) P3.
D) P4.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Software development has high fixed costs and marginal costs that are close to zero. What would happen if software firms sold their product for marginal cost?


A) They would have the incentive to produce new software programs.
B) They would produce better software.
C) They would increase their profits.
D) They would not be able to afford their fixed costs and would go out of business.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following was the result of government deregulation of cable TV in the 1980s?


A) The price of cable television fell.
B) The number of cable television stations increased.
C) The quality of cable television declined dramatically.
D) Consumers were upset as the price of cable television rose dramatically.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is the deadweight loss due to profit-maximizing monopoly pricing under the following conditions: the price charged for goods produced is $30. The intersection of the marginal revenue and marginal cost curves occurs where output is 300 units and marginal revenue is $10. The socially efficient level of production is 400 units at a price of $20. The demand curve is linear and downward sloping, and the marginal cost curve is linear and upward sloping.

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See the fo...

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Economic theory suggests that a natural monopoly should be:


A) eliminated whenever it arises.
B) regulated to take advantage of economies of scale.
C) left alone to operate with excess capacity.
D) taken over by the government.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The marginal revenue curve is a straight line beginning at the same point on the:


A) horizontal axis as the demand curve but with half of the slope.
B) vertical axis as the demand curve but with half of the slope.
C) horizontal axis as the demand curve but with twice the slope.
D) vertical axis as the demand curve but with twice the slope.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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With health insurance, medical treatments are often paid by someone other than the patient, which will make consumers with serious diseases relatively:


A) insensitive to the price of pharmaceuticals.
B) sensitive to the price of pharmaceuticals.
C) insensitive to the premium of health insurance.
D) sensitive to the premium of health insurance.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Without competition, there is a tendency for a government-run or regulated monopoly to:


A) keep prices constant.
B) become inefficient by passing higher costs on to consumers.
C) find ways to decrease costs so as to increase profits.
D) become a natural monopoly.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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To determine the production level, the monopolist sets marginal cost equal to price.

A) True
B) False

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