Question 1

Narrowing available problem solutions to the single best solution illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   fluid intelligence.
B)   factor analysis.
C)   standardization.
D)   convergent thinking.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Bilingual people have a somewhat ________ vocabulary in each language than do people who speak a single language, and bilingual people are ________ able to inhibit their attention to irrelevant information than are monolingual people.

Accepted Answer

A)   larger; better
B)   smaller; less
C)   larger; less
D)   smaller; betterE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon designed a test of intellectual abilities in order to

Accepted Answer

A)   provide a quantitative estimate of inherited intellectual potential.
B)   distinguish between academic and practical intelligence.
C)   identify children likely to have difficulty learning in regular school classes.
D)   assess general capacity for goal-directed adaptive behavior.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Some people are unable to arrange six matches to form four equilateral triangles because they fail to consider a three-dimensional arrangement. This best illustrates the effects of ________ on problem solving.

Accepted Answer

A)   fixation
B)   heuristics
C)   framing
D)   overconfidenceE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

The heritability of intelligence among children of less-educated parents is relatively

Accepted Answer

A)   low because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings.
B)   low because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings.
C)   high because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings.
D)   high because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves scanning the posted grade list, seeing their A grade, and feeling proud. This ________ simulation had ________ effect on their exam scores.

Accepted Answer

A)   process; little
B)   outcome; little
C)   process; a large
D)   outcome; a largeE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

By encouraging people to imagine their homes being destroyed by winds from a hurricane, insurance salespeople are especially successful at selling large homeowners' policies. They are most clearly exploiting the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)   belief perseverance.
B)   a critical period.
C)   overconfidence.
D)   the availability heuristic.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

With increasing age, adopted children's verbal ability scores become ________ positively correlated with their adoptive parents' scores and ________ positively correlated with their biological parent's scores.

Accepted Answer

A)   more; more
B)   less; less
C)   more; less
D)   less; moreE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Who is most likely to be criticized for extending the definition of intelligence to an overly broad range of talents?

Accepted Answer

A)   Howard Gardner
B)   Lewis Terman
C)   Charles Spearman
D)   Alfred BinetE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Performance-impairing anxiety is most closely associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   extrinsic motivation.
B)   stereotype threat.
C)   emotional intelligence.
D)   divergent thinking.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The ability to delay immediate pleasures in pursuit of long-range rewards is most clearly a characteristic associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   emotional intelligence.
B)   the availability heuristic.
C)   savant syndrome.
D)   divergent thinking.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Dr. Bronfman has administered her new 100-item test of abstract reasoning to a large sample of students. She is presently comparing their scores on the odd-numbered questions with those on the even-numbered questions in an effort to

Accepted Answer

A)   determine the test's validity.
B)   determine the test's reliability.
C)   standardize the test.
D)   factor-analyze the test.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Animal trainers' expectations may have led them to interpret some chimpanzees' signs as indicative of greater linguistic ability than is warranted. This best illustrates the shortcoming of

Accepted Answer

A)   an algorithm.
B)   a critical period.
C)   a perceptual set.
D)   linguistic determinism.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Superior performance on the Stanford-Binet most clearly corresponds with Sternberg's concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   analytical intelligence.
B)   emotional intelligence.
C)   creative intelligence.
D)   practical intelligence.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

Prototype is to category as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   rose; flower
B)   couch; bed
C)   man; woman
D)   rope; weaponE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related test items that seem to tap a common ability is called

Accepted Answer

A)   standardization.
B)   reliability assessment.
C)   validation.
D)   factor analysis.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

When forming a concept, people often develop a best example, or ________, of a category.

Accepted Answer

A)   denoter
B)   heuristic
C)   prototype
D)   algorithmE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

J. McVicker Hunt began a training program for caregivers in an Iranian orphanage. This program trained caregivers to

Accepted Answer

A)   ignore babies' crying.
B)   imitate babies' babbling.
C)   calculate babies' intelligence quotients.
D)   do all of these things.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following observations provides the BEST evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by environment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Identical twins reared apart are less similar in their intelligence scores than identical twins reared together.
B)   The intelligence scores of children are positively correlated with those of their parents.
C)   Identical twins are more similar in their intelligence scores than are fraternal twins.
D)   The intelligence scores of siblings reared together are positively correlated.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

After a skydiving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that she suffered brain damage to

Accepted Answer

A)   the motor cortex.
B)   Broca's area.
C)   the occipital lobe.
D)   Wernicke's area.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 9: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Which of the following observations provides the BEST evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Narrowing available problem solutions to the single best solution illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves scanning the posted grade list, seeing their A grade, and feeling proud. This ________ simulation had ________ effect on their exam scores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prototype is to category as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Bronfman has administered her new 100-item test of abstract reasoning to a large sample of students. She is presently comparing their scores on the odd-numbered questions with those on the even-numbered questions in an effort to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animal trainers' expectations may have led them to interpret some chimpanzees' signs as indicative of greater linguistic ability than is warranted. This best illustrates the shortcoming of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bilingual people have a somewhat ________ vocabulary in each language than do people who speak a single language, and bilingual people are ________ able to inhibit their attention to irrelevant information than are monolingual people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is most likely to be criticized for extending the definition of intelligence to an overly broad range of talents?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some people are unable to arrange six matches to form four equilateral triangles because they fail to consider a three-dimensional arrangement. This best illustrates the effects of ________ on problem solving.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Performance-impairing anxiety is most closely associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When forming a concept, people often develop a best example, or ________, of a category.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related test items that seem to tap a common ability is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

J. McVicker Hunt began a training program for caregivers in an Iranian orphanage. This program trained caregivers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The heritability of intelligence among children of less-educated parents is relatively

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After a skydiving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that she suffered brain damage to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon designed a test of intellectual abilities in order to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With increasing age, adopted children's verbal ability scores become ________ positively correlated with their adoptive parents' scores and ________ positively correlated with their biological parent's scores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By encouraging people to imagine their homes being destroyed by winds from a hurricane, insurance salespeople are especially successful at selling large homeowners' policies. They are most clearly exploiting the influence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Superior performance on the Stanford-Binet most clearly corresponds with Sternberg's concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability to delay immediate pleasures in pursuit of long-range rewards is most clearly a characteristic associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves scanning the posted grade list, seeing their A grade, and feeling proud. This simulation had effect on their exam scores.

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Prototype is to category as is to .

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Bilingual people have a somewhat vocabulary in each language than do people who speak a single language, and bilingual people are able to inhibit their attention to irrelevant information than are monolingual people.

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With increasing age, adopted children's verbal ability scores become positively correlated with their adoptive parents' scores and positively correlated with their biological parent's scores.

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