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________ allow companies to accommodate the needs of workers with nonstandard family situations.


A) Flextime and expanded workweeks
B) Expanded workweeks and job sharing
C) Flexible pay rates
D) Flextime, compressed workweeks, and job sharing

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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According to Herzberg, which kind of characteristics are most closely associated with job dissatisfaction?


A) intrinsic things that come from within themselves
B) extrinsic things that come from the outside
C) lack of advancement
D) the goals of the job

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Vroom's expectancy theory would say that a worker with a higher expectation of performance will apply more effort to a job.

A) True
B) False

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Equity theory has three referent categories to which workers compare themselves: persons, systems, and self.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following suggests that humans have an innate desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships?


A) need for achievement
B) need for power
C) need for fulfillment
D) need for affiliation

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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In a short essay, describe how managers might motivate professional workers.

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Financial compensation and promotions ty...

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Successful managers tend to have this more than any other trait.


A) low nPow
B) high nPow
C) high nAch
D) high nAff

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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In Maslow's system, a person takes care of social needs before worrying about personal safety.

A) True
B) False

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Which three needs are recognized in McClelland's three-needs theory?


A) achievement, power, security
B) achievement, power, affiliation
C) power, comfort, stimulation
D) security, self-interest, affiliation

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Piece-rate pay plans, wage incentive plans, profit sharing, and lump-sum bonuses are examples of ________ programs.


A) open-book management
B) employee recognition
C) pay-for-performance
D) rewards

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Maslow's hierarchical model ________.


A) has been validated by a number of studies
B) has never been validated by studies
C) has been validated by empirical studies
D) has been invalidated by intuitive means

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The JCM contends that these dimensions are required for a high level of motivation among workers.


A) high pay, autonomy, feedback
B) meaningful work, autonomy, feedback
C) meaningful work, autonomy, independence
D) autonomy, feedback, good management

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Goal-setting theory shows that feedback from a superior provides better motivation than self-generated feedback.

A) True
B) False

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In equity theory, procedural justice is concerned with which of the following?


A) determining how fair the system is
B) determining how honest one's boss is
C) comparing output-to-input ratios among individuals
D) comparing fairness between different organizations

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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________ assumes that employees have little ambition, dislike work, and avoid responsibility.


A) Theory Y
B) Theory X
C) Self-actualization Need Theory
D) Belongingness Need Theory

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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In McGregor's theory of motivation, managers with a Theory Y view of life think people need to be given the freedom to make their own choices.

A) True
B) False

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Expectancy theory and goal-setting theory align well with American workers because American culture places a strong emphasis on ________.


A) collectivism and achievement
B) achievement and individualism
C) individualism and high power distance
D) low power distance and high uncertainty avoidance

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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In a short essay, list and discuss how Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory works.

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Maslow saw all humans with a hierarchy o...

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The direction of an individual's motivation can be channeled to benefit ________.


A) only an organization
B) both individuals and/or organizations
C) only an individual
D) an individual's family only

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Zach is what type of manager?


A) Theory X-oriented
B) Theory Y-oriented
C) dictatorial
D) autocratic

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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